Letter to Stalin from the hero of the USSR Orlovsky

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

In the summer of 1944, Lieutenant Colonel of State Security Orlovsky wrote a statement with a request, sending it personally to Stalin - the lower authorities did not even want to listen to him, answering not at all out of heartlessness:

“You have already done everything you could. Rest."

Why they refused, you can understand from the text of the statement. Hero of the Soviet Union, Orlovsky, wrote to Stalin that his moral life was bad and asked for help. How?

Be sure to read this statement, a copy of which was kept in the archives of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, it was declassified and published quite recently. These days, it doesn't just seem incredible - it's overwhelming.

Moscow, the Kremlin, to Comrade Stalin.

From the Hero of the Soviet Union

Lieutenant Colonel of State Security

Orlovsky Kirill Prokofievich.

Statement

Dear Comrade Stalin!

Allow me to hold your attention for a few minutes, express your thoughts, feelings and aspirations to you.

I was born in 1895 in the village. Myshkovichi of the Kirov district of the Mogilev region in the family of a middle peasant.

Until 1915 he worked and studied in his agriculture, in the village of Myshkovichi.

From 1915 to 1918 he served in the tsarist army as the commander of a sapper platoon.

From 1918 to 1925 he worked in the rear of the German occupiers, White Poles and Belolitians as the commander of partisan detachments and sabotage groups. At the same time, he fought for four months on the Western Front against the White Poles, for two months against the troops of General Yudenich, and for eight months he studied in Moscow at the 1st Moscow Infantry Commanding Course.

From 1925 to 1930 he studied in Moscow at the Komvuz of the peoples of the West.

From 1930 to 1936 he worked in a special group of the NKVD of the USSR for the selection and training of sabotage and partisan personnel in case of a war with the Nazi invaders in Belarus.

1936 worked on the construction of the Moscow-Volga canal as the head of a construction site.

The entire 1937 was on a business trip in Spain, where he fought in the rear of the fascist troops as the commander of a sabotage and partisan group.

1939 - 1940 he worked and studied at the Chkalovsk Agricultural Institute.

1941 was on a special mission in Western China, from where, at his personal request, he was recalled and sent to the deep rear of the German invaders as the commander of a reconnaissance and sabotage group.

Thus, from 1918 to 1943, I was fortunate enough to work in the rear of the enemies of the USSR for 8 years as a commander of partisan detachments and sabotage groups, illegally cross the front line and the state border more than 70 times, carry out government assignments, kill hundreds of notorious enemies of the Soviet Union as in a military, and in peacetime, for which the Government of the USSR awarded me two Orders of Lenin, the Gold Star medal and the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1918. I have no party penalties.

On the night of February 17, 1943, undercover intelligence brought me information that on 17 / II-43, Wilhelm Kube (General Commissioner of Belarus), Friedrich Fens (Commissioner of three regions of Belarus), Obergruppenführer Zacharius, 10 officers and 40-50 of their guards.

At that time, I had only 12 of my soldiers, armed with one light machine gun, seven machine guns and three rifles. In the daytime, in an open area, on the road, it was quite risky to attack the enemy, but it was not in my nature to miss a large fascist reptile, and therefore, even before dawn, I brought my soldiers in white camouflage coats to the road, put them in a chain and disguised them in snow pits 20 meters from the road along which the enemy was supposed to drive.

For twelve hours in the snow pits, my comrades and I had to lie and wait patiently …

At six o'clock in the evening, an enemy transport appeared from behind the hillock, and when the carts were level with our chain, at my signal, our automatic machine-gun fire was opened, as a result of which Friedrich Fens, 8 officers, Zacharius and more than 30 guards were killed.

My comrades calmly took away all the fascist weapons and documents, took off their best clothes and in an organized way went into the forest, to their base.

There were no casualties on our side. In this battle, I was seriously wounded and contused, as a result of which my right arm was amputated along the shoulder, 4 fingers on the left, and the auditory nerve was damaged by 50-60%. In the same place, in the forests of the Baranovichi region, I became physically stronger and in August 1943 I was called to Moscow by a radiogram.

Thanks to the People's Commissar for State Security Comrade Merkulov and the head of the 4th Directorate, Comrade Sudoplatov, I am living very well financially. Morally - bad.

The party of Lenin-Stalin raised me to work hard for the benefit of my beloved Motherland; my physical disabilities (loss of hands and deafness) do not allow me to work at my previous job, but the question arises: did I give everything for the Motherland and the party of Lenin-Stalin?

To my moral satisfaction, I am deeply convinced that I have enough physical strength, experience and knowledge to still be useful in peaceful work.

Simultaneously with reconnaissance, sabotage and partisan work, I devoted all my time to working on agricultural literature.

From 1930 to 1936, due to the nature of my main job, I visited the collective farms of Belarus every day, took a thorough look at this business and fell in love with it.

My stay at the Chkalovsk Agricultural Institute, as well as the Moscow Agricultural Exhibition, I used to the bottom in obtaining such an amount of knowledge that can provide the organization of an exemplary collective farm.

If the USSR Government issued a loan in the amount of 2.175 thousand rubles in commodity terms and 125 thousand rubles in monetary terms, then I would have achieved the following indicators:

1. From a hundred fodder cows (in 1950) I can achieve a milk yield of at least eight thousand kilograms for each fodder cow, at the same time I can increase the live weight of a dairy farm every year, improve the exterior, and also increase the percentage of milk fat.

2. Sow no less than seventy hectares of flax and in 1950 get no less than 20 centners of flax fiber from each hectare.

3. Sow 160 hectares of grain crops (rye, oats, barley) and in 1950 receive at least 60 centners per hectare, provided that even in June-July there will be no rain. If it rains, the harvest will not be 60 centners per hectare, but 70-80 centners.

4. Collective farm forces in 1950 will planted a hundred hectares of orchard in accordance with all agrotechnical rules developed by agrotechnical science.

5. By 1948, three snow strips will be organized on the territory of the collective farm, on which at least 30,000 ornamental trees will be planted.

6. By 1950 there will be at least one hundred bee farm families.

7. Until 1950, the following buildings will be built:

shed for M-P farm No. 1 - 810 sq. m;

shed for M-P farm No. 2 - 810 sq. m;

barn for young cattle number 1 - 620 sq. m;

barn for young cattle number 2 - 620 sq. m;

barn-stable for 40 horses - 800 sq. m;

granary for 950 tons of grain;

shed for storing agricultural machines, implements and mineral fertilizers - 950 sq. m;

power plant, with it a mill and a sawmill - 300 sq. m;

mechanical and carpentry workshop - 320 sq. m;

garage for 7 cars;

petrol storage for 100 tons of fuel and lubricant;

bakery - 75 sq. m;

bath - 98 sq. m;

a club with a radio installation for 400 people;

kindergarten house - 180 sq. m;

barn for storing sheaves and straw, chaff - 750 sq. m;

Riga No. 2 - 750 sq. m;

storage for root crops - 180 sq. m;

storage for root crops No. 2 - 180 sq. m;

silo pits with brick lining of the walls and bottom with a capacity of 450 cubic meters of silo;

storage for wintering bees - 130 sq. m;

By the efforts of the collective farmers and at the expense of the collective farmers, a village with 200 apartments will be built, each apartment will consist of 2 rooms, a kitchen, a toilet and a small barn for the collective farmer's livestock and poultry. The settlement will be a type of a well-maintained, cultural settlement, drowning in fruit and ornamental trees;

artesian wells - 6 pieces.

I must say that the gross income of the Krasny Partizan collective farm in the Kirov district of the Mogilev region in 1940 was only 167 thousand rubles.

According to my calculations, this same collective farm in 1950 can achieve a gross income of at least three million rubles.

Along with the organizational and economic work, I will find time and leisure to raise the ideological and political level of my collective farm members, which will make it possible to create strong party and Komsomol organizations on the collective farm from the most politically literate, cultured and devoted people to the Lenin-Stalin party.

Before writing this statement to you and undertaking these obligations, I have thoroughly considered many times, carefully weighing every step, every detail of this work, I came to the deep conviction that I will do the above work to the glory of our beloved Motherland and that this farm will be indicative farm for collective farmers in Belarus. Therefore, I am asking for your instructions, Comrade Stalin, about sending me to this job and granting the loan I am asking for.

If you have any questions about this application, please call me for an explanation.

Appendix:

Description of the collective farm "Krasny partisan" of the Kirov district of the Mogilev region.

Topographic map showing the location of the collective farm.

The estimate of the purchased credit.

Hero of the Soviet Union Lieutenant Colonel of State Security Orlovsky.

6 July 1944

Moscow, Frunzenskaya embankment, house number 10a, apt. 46, tel. G-6-60-46.

Stalin gave the order to satisfy the request of Kirill Orlovsky - he understood it perfectly, because he himself was the same. He handed over to the state the apartment he had received in Moscow and left for the destroyed Belarusian village. Kirill Prokofievich fulfilled his obligations - his collective farm "Rassvet" was the first collective farm in the USSR that received a millionth profit after the war. After 10 years, the name of the Chairman became known throughout Belarus, and then the USSR.

In 1958, Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin. For military and labor merits he was awarded 5 Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, and many medals. Was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the third-seventh convocations.

In 1956-61 he was a candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee. "Twice Cavalier" Kirill Orlovsky is the prototype of the Chairman in the film of the same name. Several books have been written about him: "Rebellious Heart," "The Story of Cyril Orlovsky" and others.

And the collective farm began with the fact that almost all the peasants lived in dugouts.

Eyewitnesses describe it this way: “Bins in the yards of collective farmers were full of good. He rebuilt the village, paved the road to the regional center and the village street, built a club, a ten-year school. There was not enough money - he took all his savings from the book - 200 thousand - and invested in school. I paid scholarships to students, preparing a reserve of personnel."

In 1958, Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin. For military and labor merits he was awarded 5 Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, and many medals. Was elected a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the third-seventh convocations.

In 1956-61 he was a candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee. "Twice Cavalier" Kirill Orlovsky is the prototype of the Chairman in the film of the same name. Several books have been written about him: "Rebellious Heart," "The Story of Cyril Orlovsky" and others.

And the collective farm began with the fact that almost all the peasants lived in dugouts.

Eyewitnesses describe it this way: “Bins in the yards of collective farmers were full of good. He rebuilt the village, paved the road to the regional center and the village street, built a club, a ten-year school. There was not enough money - he took all his savings from the book - 200 thousand - and invested in school. I paid scholarships to students, preparing a reserve of personnel."

This statement, marked "Top Secret" (that was the status of the applicant), written just three days after Minsk was liberated and not intended to be ever published, tells more about the person who wrote it, the country and the era more than whole volumes of books. It says a lot about our time, although it was not intended for this at all.

It immediately becomes clear what kind of people built the USSR - about the same as Orlovsky. There are no questions on whom Stalin relied on during the construction of the country - it was precisely on such people that he gave such people every opportunity to express themselves. The whole world saw the result - the USSR, which literally rose twice from the ashes, Victory, Space and much more, where one alone would be enough to glorify the country in history. It also becomes clear what type of people worked in the Cheka and the NKVD.

If someone does not understand from the text of the statement, I will emphasize: Kirill Orlovsky is a Chekist, a professional saboteur-"liquidator", that is, it is the "NKVD-shny executioner" in the most direct sense of the word, but as those who like to trump pseudo-obscene vocabulary would say - "camp guard”(completely not understanding the meaning of this word and to whom it referred). Yes, that's right - a year (1936) before volunteering for Spain, Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky was the head of a section of the GULAG system at the construction of the Moscow-Volga canal.

Yes, just like that - often the chiefs and the Chekists were about such People, although, of course, people, like everywhere, came across all sorts. If anyone does not remember, the great teacher Makarenko also worked in the Gulag system - he was the head of the colony, and then - the deputy head of the "children's gulag" of Ukraine.

It is clear that then “all the best people”, “all thinking people” were destroyed. Therefore, the country was built and defended exclusively by slaves. Like Kirill Orlovsky. That is why the united forces of continental Europe under the leadership of Adolf Hitler could not cope with it.

Naturally, all, as one, then were "lack of initiative gray slaves" in the days of the "administrative-command economy", where almost every nail was strictly regulated from the center. How about this for the last twenty years they explain to us every day on TV. Only it remains unclear how the collective farm was built according to the plan drawn up by the chairman, how specialists - agronomists, livestock specialists, etc., were trained specially for his order?

However, everything immediately becomes clear what type of people took responsibility, and not by order, but themselves, personally - and raised the country from ruins in unprecedented terms. Well, of course, “only a private owner can be effective”, “private initiative”, “the pursuit of profit” and “the market economy is able to create effectively” and everything in this spirit.

It is not for nothing that cities, streets and factories were named after Stalin's managers.

True, under “ineffective totalitarianism” there were enough forces and means for the strongest army in the world, capable of withstanding the combined forces of the “golden billion”, and for the world's best education, and for free universal health care, and for brilliant science, and for space. and for a decent life for everyone, not for the elite, and for kindergartens, and pioneer camps, and free sports for everyone, and even to support the socialist system and communist parties around the world, as well as many other things.

Well, about the monkeys, claiming that "Soviet people performed feats at gunpoint," probably not even worth mentioning.

It is clear that Kirill Orlovsky and his "Falcons" squad, like everyone else, fought for years, surrounded by enemies, solely out of fear. What other motives could there be?

And here are the motives of People: “Materially I live very well. Morally - bad."

And it is bad for him because he cannot give, and not row to himself and consume.

In principle, insignificants cannot understand the motives of the actions of People. The fact that a person, having money in his hands, can give it to school, that one can not steal, that a person can voluntarily go to death - all this is simply beyond their understanding.

Just imagine: a person, a disabled person, of the first group - without both hands, who almost cannot serve himself on his own, almost deaf, a Hero who, according to all conceivable laws and concepts, received the right to a comfortable life-long vacation, believes that he cannot live like this because it is still able to work for people. But not to teach, for example, at the NKVD school, but again to do the almost impossible, at the limit of human strength - to build the best collective farm in the USSR from a village burnt to the ground, inhabited for the most part by widows, old people, disabled people and teenagers.

As one of our comrades said that in comparison with such a Person, all the “effective managers”, “guarantors”, “bright personalities”, “creators”, etc. taken together are nothing more than a bunch of dung worms and maggots swarming in a heap of shit … It is impossible to find another comparison.

Here is what the magazine "Krugozor" wrote about him in 1969.

From the story "Rebellious Heart"

“In the spacious room, apart from the writing table, there are a row of armchairs for about a hundred people. Dawn party meetings and seminars are held here. Here guests are received, and all year round at six in the morning, and during sowing or harvesting even earlier, the collective farm leadership gathers here for a meeting. In this room, all major and minor issues are resolved. Yesterday I filed an application - today the answer. They are resolved openly, with the broadest publicity and in compliance with democratic norms.

“It's twelve degrees today, the barometer is at clear. What are the plans, we'll see, - says the chairman Orlovsky. - The first brigade?..

The work for the day is approved. Kirill Prokofievich bends over the table, reads the statement. Collective farmer Elena Belyavskaya writes that eighty-six rubles were unjustly deprived of her for the missing cucumber seeds.

After reading the statement, Kirill Prokofievich takes off his glasses.

“Nine years ago,” he says after a pause, “Anton Moiseevich Belyavsky died at about the same time. An ordinary old, night watchman. We considered it the simplest and most common while we lived. And when he died, they saw that he had an excellent soul - an excellent soul of a patriot of the Rassvet collective farm. He loved the collective farm with all his heart. It's easy to be called a human, but it's not easy to be human. Anton Belyavsky was like that. I think we should put up a monument to him.

Sobbing was heard in the back rows.

- … And Anton Belyavsky has a widow, Elena. Let's figure out whether she is a fair woman, or whether she was not a couple for Anton, she looks at how to get what is possible from the collective farm. Well, tell me, Elena, what are your grievances?

The old woman got up, wiping away a tear, and spoke:

- Semyon zheltyakov brought me in the fall and says: "There is a ton here." Ton is so ton, I haven't checked. I cleaned everything, dried it as it should, and handed it over. And suddenly, at the final settlement - eighty-six rubles. This is unfair. I have worked and I work in good faith …

Collective farm accountant Ivan Fomich asks for the floor. Loudly, mindful of Orlovsky's weak hearing, he gives an accurate reference:

- Yelena Belyavskaya and her neighbor Elizaveta Tsed received the same amount of cucumbers according to the documents, and donated seeds … Elena is eighty-six rubles twenty kopecks less than the norm, and Elizaveta - eighty-nine rubles more than the norm. The cucumbers are the same, from the same machine.

- Do you understand, comrades, what is the matter? - explains Orlovsky. - We give the elderly collective farmers work they can - they are homeworkers. They gave me seed cucumbers to peel: seed growing is a very profitable business. Well, some people, apparently, want to warm their hands on this. - Kirill Prokofievich turned to the foreman of the garden brigade Semyon Korzun: - Share your experience, how can you rob collective farmers?

- They poured it on the eye, I had no selfish thoughts, - the foreman choked with excitement.

- Sit down! - Orlovsky turned to those present: - It is clear what is the matter, do I need to explain more?

- It's clear!

- And if it is clear, my proposal is … On the foreman Semyon Korzun for an attempt to violate the accounting of material assets, which is a prerequisite for theft, to impose a fine. Do not charge Elena Belyavskaya's money.

The hum of approval.

- Thank you, Elena! Well done, did not shame the memory of her husband!

Valentin Ponomarev.

And here is how the collective farmers themselves remember him:

“It’s hard to stay in everyone’s memory. Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky, the former chairman of the Rassvet collective farm, was so famous. The old collective farmer Darya Ivanovna, whom I asked about the deceased Orlovsky, said: “We all remember him as we did yesterday. Indeed, in everyone's life - he … "."

However, the history of the collective farm, which grew up on the former ashes, the history of the growth of its people and well-being is known in our country. They know that this is due to the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Socialist Labor Kirill Prokofievich Orlovsky.

Kirill Prokofievich died on January 13, 1968. After his death, the collective farm "Dawn" began to be called after him.

The prototype of the main character of the 1964 Russian film "The Chairman" was precisely the famous Belarusian partisan Orlovsky: