Educational fascism flourished in Russia

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

The place of Soviet pedagogy was quickly taken over by a discipline that included anthropology, genetics, and pedagogy. It was developed in the 1920s by "prominent Soviet psychologists" Lev Vygotsky, Aron Zalkind and Pavel Blonsky other. According to the historian Evgeniya Spitsyna, the essence of this discipline is the segregation of children. "", - says Spitsyn.

HOW THE LIBERALS PROVED TO BE BOLSHEVIKS

It would seem, what have the Bolsheviks got to do with it? Does it look like Leon Trotsky Alexander Asmolov, director of the Federal Institute for the Development of Education, a member of the Russian Jewish Congress, who is considered the main ideologist of the educational reform of the "new" Russia? However, modern liberals and Bolsheviks of the 1920s have much more in common than it seems. Formally, they adhere to different ideologies. The former built a world socialist republic, the latter advocate a world liberal project.

And in fact, and in another case, it was required to create a new person, "reformat" society. The tools of the Marxists and the marketites turned out to be the same - eugenic and racial theories.

Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Alexey Lubkov believes that quite controversial, if not marginal pedological ideas were developed precisely after the collapse of the USSR and, as a result, the collapse of Soviet pedagogy. "", - notes Lubkov.

For the first time in our country, the stake on pedology was made in the 1920s against the background of the introduction of simplified Soviet humanitarian knowledge, supported by certain political figures, in particular and Nikolai Bukharin … "", - says Alexei Lubkov. Here is what A. M. Etkind wrote in his book "More about L. S. Vygotsky" about his attitude to Trotsky:

“In Moscow in the mid-20s. L. S. Vygotsky, along with all his entourage, was under the intellectual and political influence of L. Trotsky … Traces of such influence are numerous both in the texts of L. S. Vygotsky and in the organizational affairs of the institutions with which he was associated.

I. N. Spielrein

L. Trotsky repeated this idea without referring to the superhuman Trotskyist spirit of the new biological type wrote L. S. Vygotsky.

Perhaps, in order to understand the nature of this belief, it is worth recalling the theory of overcompensation …

Following L. Trotsky, L. S. Vygotsky wrote that "the revolution is undertaking the re-education of all mankind." The revolution is permanent and is realized in consciousness as well as in being; or even ahead of schedule. Therefore, the revolution leaves such a large and honorable place for psychology. As a powerful and irreplaceable tool in the arsenal of culture, psychology must serve the revolution, making its share of changing the world.

Nadezhda Khramova I am sure that pedology in the 1920s – 1930s led to sad results. The widespread introduction of often incorrect tests, different teaching methods, as they say now, its variability, led to a sharp decline in the quality of education. “- explains the psychologist. -. . According to Evgeny Spitsyn, in the 1920s - early 1930s, there were practically two collectives within the school - pedological and pedagogical. Pedologists carried out testing, recorded the child's anthropometric data (for example, head size), found out his origin, etc. As a result, the student was assigned to this or that class, to this or that school - normal or specialized. It was pedologists who were responsible for the entire school policy in the field of education and upbringing, teachers were considered only subject students and were tightly controlled by pedologists.

“- continues Spitsyn. - O

In 1936, it became clear that a technological breakthrough was not possible for universal education based on pedology. Therefore, the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) issued a decree "On pedological perversions in the system of the People's Commissariat for Education" prohibiting the activities of pedologists. This document said:

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Soviet education returned to pre-revolutionary standards, adding new knowledge and making education universal.

OUTSTANDED THE COLLECTIVE WEST

The message to teach everyone, and with good quality, turned out to be correct., - notes Nadezhda Khramova.

In her opinion, Soviet education for the first time in 500 years has raised a cohort of its own scientists, which has bypassed the collective West in scientific and technological development. “, - says Khramova. -.

Such a breakthrough is unprecedented in history. Just as the resources of a huge country, which the West never managed to colonize, were unprecedented. When, as a result of the betrayal of the elite, the USSR collapsed, the first thing that international banks began to allocate money for was to reform education. One of the most stringent conditions of the IMF in the 1990s for the allocation of another loan was the requirement to introduce the USE.

HOW THE WEST BROKEN RUSSIAN EDUCATION

According to the MGIMO associate professor Olga Chetverikova, the development of projects, on the basis of which it was planned to rebuild education, was engaged in innovation centers. The main theses of the developments were variability, alternativeness, pluralism, multi-structured education, that is, everything that should eventually lead to the erosion of a single educational space. In 1988, the centers were merged into a temporary research team "School". He was headed by Eduard Dneprov, who became the Minister of Education in 1990, and since that time, the indicated ideas have been introduced already at the state level.

In the early 1990s, a series of agreements were signed with the World Bank (IBRD), the Fund Soros, By the Foundation Carnegie, the governments of Belgium and the Netherlands. All of them concerned the financing of reforms in post-Soviet education. In general, as the ex-Minister of Education Dniprov noted in his book "", the external factor played a major role in the restructuring of education. In just three years, from 1991 to 1993, $ 700 million was transferred for these purposes. In 1992, the new education law introduced the concept of "education standard". It assumed a refusal to clearly prescribe the required amount of knowledge of subjects and disciplines, instead of which a certain framework was introduced, within which multivariance is possible.

In 1994-1995, the World Bank developed official documents that dealt with the destruction of the traditional Soviet education system. After all, a new education was needed, which would. The World Bank demanded the closure of teacher training institutes, the establishment of "", the liquidation of vocational schools that cannot carry out structural restructuring, not to increase the share of spending on higher and secondary vocational technical education in the total GDP, and much more. They also talked about the "injustice and ineffectiveness of the examination system", which became the rationale for the introduction of the USE.

In 1992, it was on the initiative of the World Bank that the Higher School of Economics was created, which was hosted by American experts. HSE became the center that oversaw and continues to oversee the entire process of restructuring education. "", - emphasizes Chetverikova.

In the same year, he becomes Deputy Minister of Education. He remained in this position until 1998. In 1997, Asmolov began publishing the journal Pedology. On the pages of the very first issue, the official said that the publication of the magazine marks the rehabilitation of the great science destroyed by the Stalinist satraps.

FORM OR CONTENT

Olga Chetverikova believes that the first generation of educational standards of 1998-1999 still hindered the introduction of market relations in this area. The new 2004 standard developed by the Higher School of Economics and adopted by the Ministry of Education was already revolutionary in nature. Then the rector of the "tower" Yaroslav Kuzminov presented a fundamental report, which spoke about the need to restructure the entire education system. The point was that, on which the previous education system was based: 1) free, 2) universality, 3) fundamentality. Since they did not dare to declare such things directly, they tried to give the process respectability.

Professor Lubkov also believes that federal state education standards are now devoid of any fundamental content. "", He says. According to Nadezhda Khramova, who has worked at school for many years, all reforms were carried out in order to destroy the education system so that Russia would not have the opportunity for a technological breakthrough.

“, - states the psychologist. -.

But child psychologists have known for many decades that terminology cannot be introduced earlier than 10 years. "", - complains Nadezhda Khramova.

Yevgeny Spitsyn recalls how in the early 2000s, when he was a school director, there was a total "implantation" of psychologists. "", - says Spitsyn. Psychologists were hired to take another step towards creating an institution of tutors. "" - Spitsyn is indignant.

FROM CHILDHOOD TO SERVICE

Nadezhda Khramova believes that the popularization of pedological ideas is connected with the goal of breaking education into two "sleeves" - elitist and general: "".

According to Yevgeny Spitsyn, under the guise of childcentrism and socialization of disabled people, variability of education, a hidden segregation of children is being carried out and, in fact, there is a revival of the very same pedology, which was banned in the late 1930s. The historian calls this approach fascist:

The fact that the fears of the interlocutors of the Russian Planet are well-grounded is evidenced by a recent initiative of the Civil Initiatives Foundation, which is headed by Alexey Kudrin … In the spring of 2015 in Transbaikalia, he tried to implement a pilot eugenic project, which should cover all children's institutions, from nurseries to universities. In the future, the experiment is planned to be extended to the entire territory of Russia. The essence of modernization "in the Kudrinsky way" boils down to the fact that all children, starting from toddler age, should be divided into four categories: the industrial proletariat, the agricultural worker, the creative class, and service personnel. It is also supposed to take into account the "marriage" - children-marginalized, children with impaired behavior, juvenile delinquents. In the program concept about human "marriage" it is said: "". The participation of parents in the choice of educational and professional trajectories of the child for his enrollment in this or that "caste" is not provided.

LOOK FOR WHO IS FAVORABLE

It has become a commonplace to be horrified at the degradation of education. But people, as a rule, do not have a systematic view of this tragic problem. Olga Chetverikova is trying to share her systemic vision.

“, - she says. -.

Therefore, in 2010, the law "On the organization of the provision of state and municipal services" was adopted. In accordance with it, the functions of the state were defined as services and transferred to private hands. In fact, an anti-constitutional coup took place. Now, according to the law, contrary to the Constitution, education, health care, and any state responsibilities must be privatized and transferred to business. Moreover, Russia has begun to prepare for joining the WTO. After all, this organization is itself a market for goods and services.

The main provisions were prescribed in the "Strategy for innovative development" adopted in 2011. It says that we must form an innovative person with the appropriate competencies. To do this, it is necessary to change the education system, to be “innovative” you need to prepare from childhood. An innovative private entrepreneur becomes the main agent of educational development. This means that schools and institutes are placed under the control of private business.

In 2013 the Minister of Education Dmitry Livanovspeaking at the parliamentary hour in the State Duma, he said that the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation intends to adjust its plans in accordance with the Education-2030 foresight project. It was developed [1] by one of the Skolkovo resident companies for the Agency for Strategic Initiatives. From this document [2], it follows that starting from 2013 there should be a process of denationalization and privatization of primary, secondary and higher education. The process should be completed by 2020.

GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP AT THE EXPENSE OF RUSSIA

From the point of view of reformers, fundamental science is not needed in Russia. After all, it requires huge investments, only the state can finance it. The Russian oligarchy is not interested in this kind of investment: “serious” domestic business is either speculative or is associated with raw materials.

According to Olga Chetverikova, domestic universities participating in the 5-100 program, the purpose of which is to promote our institutions in the world ratings, have actually been transferred under the control of American management.

"", - Chetverikova thinks.

Innovation for reformers, in her opinion, is a goal, not a tool for change. "", - says Olga Nikolaevna.

This is not the case in the United States. The country is ruled by a financial-military-intelligence complex, which includes banks, and the largest organizations working for the military-industrial complex and the intelligence system, and huge transnational corporations. The largest universities are included in the same system. It is in their laboratories that new military technologies are being developed. For example, Massachusetts Institute of Technology is part of this center. We do not have such corporations.

The only chance for our country to avoid a foresight project that promises "defective" people to immerse themselves in the world of games, and to eugenically "pure" citizens new computer interfaces implanted in the brain is to go its own way.

“- Olga Chetverikova sums up. -.

Elena Serdechnaya

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