Video: The first atlas of caves in Russia was compiled by Russian speleologists
2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55
A team of Russian cavers compiled the first atlas of caves in Russia. It contains detailed information about 176 of the most interesting caves, one of the compilers of the publication, a leading researcher at Moscow State University, Alexander Gusev, said in an interview with RT.
The Atlas covered many regions of the country - from the Crimea and the Caucasus to Kamchatka. In the opinion of the authors, the caves presented in the publication have great scientific value and tourist potential.
Scientists from the Moscow State University. M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, several institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences and a number of Russian universities, with the participation and financial support of the Russian Geographical Society, presented the Atlas of the Caves of Russia, the first encyclopedic publication about the most interesting caves in the country. This was reported by the press service of Moscow State University.
The atlas includes detailed descriptions of 176 caves, including karst, lava, glacial, gravity, wave-breaking and others. The book also contains a list of 442 largest caves (longer than 500 m and deeper than 100 m). The edition contains 950 photographs, 168 topographic surveys, more than 30 tables and 60 maps and diagrams. According to the compilers, it is intended not only for specialists, but also for a wide audience. The atlas contains entertaining information about ecology, mineralogy, glaciology, archeology, paleontology, biology and the origin of caves, the history of their discovery and research.
According to Gusev, the publication also includes caves that are of great value in terms of geology, chemistry and many other sciences. In some of these caves, scientists have made major archaeological and paleontological discoveries. The most famous of them is the Denisova Cave in Altai. It was in it in 2008 that the remains of Denisovans were first found - a special branch in the evolution of the genus Homo.
No less interesting for scientists was the Tavrida Cave, opened in 2017 during the construction of the highway of the same name from Simferopol to Sevastopol. It turned out to be absolutely untouched by man, and its bowels represent a real paradise for a paleontologist. According to scientists, after the end of the scientific expedition, the cave will be converted into a tourist complex.
The atlas, in addition to the Russian ones, also includes the four deepest caves in the world, which are located in Abkhazia. According to Alexander Gusev, they have been studied in great detail by Russian cavers.
The deepest caves in our country are located in the North Caucasus - in Karachay-Cherkessia, Kabardino-Balkaria and in Big Sochi. The deepest of them is the 900-meter Gorlo Barloga cave, discovered in 1994 in Karachay-Cherkessia. It got its name in honor of one of the characters in the famous novel "The Lord of the Rings".
According to the compilers, the longest caves in Russia are located in Siberia. The Botovskaya Cave, located in the Irkutsk Region, is about 70 km long. The second longest cave is Bolshaya Oreshnaya in the Krasnoyarsk Territory - 47 km.
The underwater Ordinskaya cave in the Perm Territory, included in the atlas, has also gained great popularity among divers; the length of its underwater part is 4.5 km. The book also describes the unique Sheki-Khyekh with sulfur springs, discovered in the Chechen Republic.
Underwater Orda cave Gettyimages.ru © Barcroft
As follows from the book, there are many excursion caves in the country, and some of them, like the ice Kungurskaya, have been known since pre-revolutionary times. At the same time, there are many caves in the country with great tourism potential. According to Alexander Gusev, currently many unique caves in Siberia are equipped for excursion visits.
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