The greatest inventions of Russians

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

When they tell you that Russia is the homeland of bast shoes and balalaikas, grin at this person in the face and list at least 10 items from this list. I think it's a shame not to know such things.

And this is just a small part:

1. P. N. Yablochkov and A. N. Lodygin is the world's first electric light bulb

2. A. S. Popov - radio

3. V. K. Zvorykin (the world's first electron microscope, television and television broadcasting)

4. A. F. Mozhaisky - the inventor of the world's first airplane

5. I. I. Sikorsky - a great aircraft designer, created the world's first helicopter, the world's first bomber

6. A. M. Ponyatov - the world's first video recorder

7. S. P. Korolev - the world's first ballistic missile, spacecraft, the first Earth satellite

8. A. M. Prokhorov and N. G. Basov - the world's first quantum generator - maser

9. S. V. Kovalevskaya (the world's first woman professor)

10. S. M. Prokudin-Gorsky - the world's first color photography

11. A. A. Alekseev - creator of the needle screen

12. F. A. Pirotsky - the world's first electric tram

13. F. A. Blinov - the world's first tracked tractor

14. V. A. Starevich - three-dimensional animated film

15. E. M. Artamonov - invented the world's first bicycle with pedals, a steering wheel, a turning wheel

16. O. V. Losev is the world's first amplifying and generating semiconductor device

17. V. P. Mutilin - the world's first mounted construction harvester

18. A. R. Vlasenko - the world's first grain harvester

19. V. P. Demikhov - the first in the world to carry out a lung transplant and the first to create a model of an artificial heart

20. A. P. Vinogradov - created a new direction in science - the geochemistry of isotopes

21. I. I. Polzunov - the world's first heat engine

22. G. E. Kotelnikov - the first knapsack rescue parachute

23. I. V. Kurchatov is the world's first nuclear power plant (Obninsk), also under his leadership, the world's first 400 kt hydrogen bomb was developed, detonated on August 12, 1953. It was the Kurchatov team that developed the RDS-202 thermonuclear bomb (Tsar Bomba) with a record yield of 52,000 kilotons.

24. M. O. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky - invented a three-phase current system, built a three-phase transformer, which put an end to the dispute between the supporters of direct (Edison) and alternating current

25. V. P. Vologdin - the world's first high-voltage mercury rectifier with a liquid cathode, developed induction furnaces for the use of high-frequency currents in industry

26. S. O. Kostovich - created the world's first gasoline engine in 1879

27. V. P. Glushko - the world's first electric / thermal rocket engine

28. V. V. Petrov - discovered the phenomenon of arc discharge

29. N. G. Slavyanov - electric arc welding

30. I. F. Aleksandrovsky - invented the stereo camera

31. D. P. Grigorovich - the creator of the seaplane

32. V. G. Fedorov - the world's first machine gun

33. A. K. Nartov - built the world's first lathe with a movable slide

34. MV Lomonosov - for the first time in science formulated the principle of conservation of matter and motion, for the first time in the world began to read a course in physical chemistry, for the first time discovered the existence of an atmosphere on Venus

35. I. P. Kulibin - mechanic, developed the project of the world's first wooden arched single-span bridge, inventor of the searchlight

36. VV Petrov - physicist, developed the world's largest galvanic battery; opened an electric arc

37. P. I. Prokopovich - for the first time in the world invented a frame hive, in which he used a shop with frames

38. NI Lobachevsky - Mathematician, creator of "non-Euclidean geometry"

39. D. A. Zagryazhsky - invented the caterpillar track

40. BO Jacobi - invented electroplating and the world's first electric motor with direct rotation of the working shaft

41. P. P. Anosov - metallurgist, revealed the secret of making ancient bulat

42. DI Zhuravsky - first developed the theory of calculations of bridge trusses, which is currently used all over the world

43. NI Pirogov - for the first time in the world compiled the atlas "Topographic Anatomy", which has no analogues, invented anesthesia, plaster cast and much more

44. I. R. Hermann - compiled a summary of uranium minerals for the first time in the world

45. A. M. Butlerov - for the first time formulated the main provisions of the theory of the structure of organic compounds

46. IM Sechenov - the creator of evolutionary and other schools of physiology, published his main work "Reflexes of the brain"

47. DI Mendeleev - discovered the periodic law of chemical elements, the creator of the table of the same name

48. M. A. Novinsky - veterinarian, laid the foundations of experimental oncology

49. G. G. Ignatiev - for the first time in the world developed a system of simultaneous telephony and telegraphy over one cable

50. K. S. Dzhevetsky - built the world's first submarine with an electric motor

51. N. I. Kibalchich - for the first time in the world developed a scheme of a rocket flying vehicle

52. N. N. Benardos - invented electric welding

53. V. V. Dokuchaev - laid the foundations of genetic soil science

54. V. I. Sreznevsky - Engineer, invented the world's first aerial camera

55. A. G. Stoletov - physicist, for the first time in the world created a photocell based on an external photoelectric effect

56. P. D. Kuzminsky - built the world's first gas turbine of radial action

57. I. V. Boldyrev - the first flexible light-sensitive non-combustible film, formed the basis for the creation of cinematography

58. I. A. Timchenko - developed the world's first movie camera

59. S. M. Apostolov-Berdichevsky and M. F. Freudenberg - created the world's first automatic telephone exchange

60. ND Pilchikov - physicist, for the first time in the world created and successfully demonstrated a wireless control system

61. V. A. Gassiev - engineer, built the world's first phototypesetting machine

62. K. E. Tsiolkovsky - the founder of cosmonautics

63. P. N. Lebedev - physicist, for the first time in science experimentally proved the existence of light pressure on solids

64. I. P. Pavlov - the creator of the science of higher nervous activity

65. V. I. Vernadsky - natural scientist, founder of many scientific schools

66. A. N. Skriabin - composer, was the first in the world to use light effects in the symphonic poem "Prometheus"

67. N. E. Zhukovsky - the creator of aerodynamics

68. S. V. Lebedev - first received artificial rubber

69. GA Tikhov - an astronomer, for the first time in the world established that the Earth, when observing it from space, should have a blue color. Later, as you know, this was confirmed when filming our planet from space.

70. ND Zelinsky - developed the world's first highly effective coal gas mask

71. N. P. Dubinin - geneticist, discovered gene divisibility

72. M. A. Kapelyushnikov - invented the turbodrill in 1922

73. E. K. Zavoisky discovered electric paramagnetic resonance

74. N. I. Lunin - proved that the body of living things contains vitamins

75. N. P. Wagner - discovered the pedogenesis of insects

76. Svyatoslav Fedorov - the first in the world performed an operation to treat glaucoma

77. S. S. Yudin - first used blood transfusion of suddenly dead people in the clinic

78. A. V. Shubnikov - predicted the existence and was the first to create piezoelectric textures

79. L. V. Shubnikov - the Shubnikov-de Haas effect (magnetic properties of superconductors)

80. N. A. Izgaryshev - discovered the phenomenon of the passivity of metals in non-aqueous electrolytes

81. P. P. Lazarev - the creator of the ionic theory of excitation

82. P. A. Molchanov - meteorologist, created the world's first radiosonde

83. N. A. Umov - physicist, the equation of motion of energy, the concept of the flow of energy; by the way, he was the first to explain practically and without ether the delusions of the theory of relativity

84. E. S. Fedorov - the founder of crystallography

85. G. S. Petrov - chemist, the world's first synthetic detergent

86. V. F. Petrushevsky - scientist and general, invented a rangefinder for gunners

87. I. I. Orlov - invented a method of making woven credit notes and a method of one-pass multiple printing (Oryol printing)

88. Mikhail Ostrogradskiy - mathematician, O. formula (multiple integral)

89. P. L. Chebyshev - mathematician, Ch. Polynomials (orthogonal system of functions), parallelogram

90. P. A. Cherenkov - physicist, radiation Ch.(new optical effect), counter Ch. (detector of nuclear radiation in nuclear physics)

91. D. K. Chernov - points of Ch. (Critical points of phase transformations of steel)

92. V. I. Kalashnikov is not the same Kalashnikov, but another who was the first in the world to equip river vessels with a steam engine with multiple steam expansion

93. A. V. Kirsanov - organic chemist, reaction K. (phosphorescence)

94. A. M. Lyapunov - mathematician, created the theory of stability, equilibrium and motion of mechanical systems with a finite number of parameters, as well as L.'s theorem (one of the limit theorems of the theory of probability)

95. Dmitry Konovalov - chemist, Konovalov's laws (elasticity of parasolutions)

96 S. N. Reformed - organic chemist, Reformed reaction

97. V. A. Semennikov - metallurgist, was the first in the world to carry out semelessization of copper matte and obtained blister copper

98. I. R. Prigogine - physicist, P.'s theorem (thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes)

99. M. M. Protodyakonov - a scientist who developed the generally accepted scale of the fortress of rocks in the world

100. M. F. Shostakovsky - organic chemist, balm Sh. (Vinylin)

101. M. S. Color - color method (chromatography of plant pigments)

102. A. N. Tupolev - designed the world's first jet airliner and the first supersonic airliner

103. A. S. Famintsyn, a plant physiologist, was the first to develop a method for carrying out photosynthetic processes under artificial lighting

104. B. S. Stechkin - created two great theories - the thermal calculation of aircraft engines and air-jet engines

105. A. I. Leipunsky - physicist, discovered the phenomenon of energy transfer by excited atoms and molecules to free electrons in collisions

106. D. D. Maksutov - optician, M. telescope (meniscus system of optical instruments)

107. N. A. Menshutkin - chemist, discovered the effect of a solvent on the rate of a chemical reaction

108. I. I. Mechnikov - the founders of evolutionary embryology

109 S. N. Vinogradsky - discovered chemosynthesis

110. V. S. Pyatov - a metallurgist, invented a method for the production of armor plates by the rolling method

111. A. I. Bakhmutsky - invented the world's first coal harvester (for coal mining)

112. A. N. Belozersky - discovered DNA in higher plants

113. S. S. Bryukhonenko - physiologist, created the first heart-lung machine in the world (auto-light)

114. G. P. Georgiev - biochemist, discovered RNA in the nuclei of animal cells

115. E. A. Murzin - invented the world's first optoelectronic synthesizer "ANS"

116. P. M. Golubitsky - Russian inventor in the field of telephony

117. V. F. Mitkevich - for the first time in the world proposed to use a three-phase arc for welding metals

118. L. N. Gobyato - Colonel, the world's first mortar was invented in Russia in 1904

119. V. G. Shukhov is an inventor who was the first in the world to use steel mesh shells for the construction of buildings and towers

120. I. F. Kruzenshtern and Yu. F. Lisyansky - made the first Russian round-the-world trip, studied the islands of the Pacific Ocean, described the life of Kamchatka and Fr. Sakhalin

121. F. F. Bellingshausen and M. P. Lazarev - discovered Antarctica

122. The world's first modern-type icebreaker - the Russian fleet steamer "Pilot" (1864), the first Arctic icebreaker - "Ermak", built in 1899 under the leadership of S. O. Makarov.

123. VN Sukachev (1880-1967) He defined the main provisions of biogeocenology. The founder of biogeocenology, one of the founders of the doctrine of phytocenosis, its structure, classification, dynamics, relationships with the environment and its animal population

124. Alexander Nesmeyanov, Alexander Arbuzov, Grigory Razuvaev - creation of chemistry of organoelement compounds.

125. V. I. Levkov - under his leadership, hovercraft were created for the first time in the world

126. G. N. Babakin - Russian designer, creator of Soviet lunar rovers

127. P. N. Nesterov - was the first in the world to perform a closed curve in a vertical plane on an airplane, a "loop", later called "Nesterov's loop"

128. B. B. Golitsyn - became the founder of the new science of seismology

And all this is only a small part of the contribution of Russians to world science and culture. At the same time, here I am not touching on the contribution to art, to most of the social sciences, and this contribution is far from small.

And among other things, there is a contribution in the form of phenomena and objects that I do not take into account in this study.

Such as "Kalashnikov assault rifle", "First Cosmonaut", "First Ekranoplan" and many others. Of course, it is impossible to list everything. But even such a cursory glance allows us to draw the necessary conclusions …