Modest Nicholas II - the richest man in Europe

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

What did Nicholas II cost the Russian people? For example, here is what Tsar Nicholas II and his family owned:

- 8, 6 million hectares of land, including 2, 6 million hectares of forest.

- Nerchinsk, Altai, Lena gold mines (more precisely, enterprises for the extraction of polymetallic ores, which gave not only gold, but also silver, copper, lead)

- Kuznetsk iron-coal basin (Kuzbass originally belonged to the tsar)

- Tea, sugar beet and grape plantations (on the basis of the royal vineyards in the Crimea, the famous Massandra winery, which had a unique wine cellar, worked)

- 860 trading establishments, a retail chain, in a modern way, - 100 factories and plants, including, for example, the Peterhof diamond-cutting factory and the Mezhigorsk faience factory (now on the territory of Mezhyhirya there is a palace complex attributed personally to the President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych).

All these agricultural and industrial assets were combined into the so-called Main Directorate of Districts, headed by Count V. B. Fredericks.

The working capital of the Districts was 60 million gold rubles (approximately 1.5 billion modern US dollars!).

Income from the Districts was distributed among all members of the Romanov dynasty in accordance with the Decree of April 5, 1797, issued by Emperor Paul I, and called the "Institution of the Imperial Family".

According to it, on average, the family of each Grand Duke received from the common royal "cauldron" about 500 thousand modern US dollars per month.

The members of the dynasty also had personal property separated from the Districts.

The personal property of Tsar Nicholas II was concentrated in a separate institution called the Cabinet of His Majesty.

The laws of the Empire also provided for direct financing from the state budget of Russia for the maintenance of the royal family (the family of the current emperor, and not the dynasty as a whole).

On the eve of the collapse of the Russian Empire, this amount was established by the parliament (Duma), and amounted to 16 million imperial rubles a year (about 200 million US dollars in modern terms).

Now let's take a look at what the king personally owned

The king's property included, in particular, the so-called "cabinet lands" in Poland, Siberia, Altai and Transbaikalia with a total area of 68 million hectares.

In other words, Tsar Nicholas II personally owned lands larger in area than the territory of modern Ukraine! Not weak, agree. In addition to land, the Cabinet owned the following industrial "imperial enterprises" (except for the hundred enterprises owned by the Lot Office, which was part of the Ministry of the Court along with the Cabinet):

Factories - porcelain and glass in St. Petersburg, Gornoshitsky marble, Vyborg mirror.

Faience factories - Peterhof and Yekaterinburg lapidary factories, Tsarskoselskaya wallpaper, Petersburg Imperial tapestry manufactory, Kiev Mezhigorskaya faience factory, Tivdiysk marble quarries, as well as 3 paper factories: Peterhof, Ropshinskaya, and Tsarskoselskaya. It is amazing how modestly the king-father lived! Generally gorgeous! Even modern oligarchs will give odds.

Moreover, the king had a huge fleet of yachts, the maintenance of which took 350 thousand royal rubles - about 10 million US dollars (taking into account the military inflation of the ruble)!

Also, the "modest" king-father had a car park, a large garage with 22 cars of the French brand "Delaunay Belleville" … You shouldn't waste time on describing the uniqueness of these cars - the Russian bloodsucker has always had all the most luxurious and best. The cost of maintaining the tsarist garage on the eve of the collapse of the monarchy amounted to 350 thousand tsarist rubles - about 10 million US dollars (taking into account the military inflation of the ruble). Wife of Nicholas II, Empress Alexandra Fedorovna, by the time of her husband's abdication from the throne, she had saved up personal valuables in the amount of 50 million “those” rubles, which currently amounts to 1.5 billion US dollars (here's a saint - so saint … Looks like she wanted to buy a place in paradise).

While the tsar-bloodsucker was having fun with his family, the people, workers and peasants of the Russian Empire, groaned from hunger, hopeless life and oppression. The Russian Empire was terribly starving since the end of the 19th century, during the second half of the 19th century there were over twenty hunger years.

1891 - starving 25.7% of the population, 1892 – 9, 1 %, 1893 – 0, 1 %, 1894 – 0, 5 %, 1895 – 1, 1 %, 1896 – 2, 2 %, 1897 – 3, 8 %, 1898 – 9, 7 %, 1899 – 3, 2 %, 1900 – 1, 5 %.

At the beginning of the twentieth century in Russia there were hungry years: 1901-1902, 1905-1908 and 1911-1912.

In 1901 - 1902 49 provinces went hungry: in 1901 - 6.6%, 1902 - 1%, 1903 - 0.6%, 1904 - 1.6% of the population.

In 1905 - 1908, from 19 to 29 provinces went hungry: in 1905 - 7, 7%, 1906 - 17, 3% of the population.

In 1911 - 1912 for 2 years famine covered 60 provinces: in 1911 - 14.9% of the population.

There were 30 million people on the verge of death!

Do you think the king somehow tried to help his hungry and exhausted people? Yes, no matter how! The tsarist government was primarily concerned with how hide the scope of your crime; in the press, the censor prohibited the use of the word "hunger", replacing it with the abstract word "crop failure".

Let's take another look at the reports

Data at the end of XIX - beginning. XX centuries:

From a report to the tsar for 1892 (especially an unfavorable and lean) year: "Only from the failure of deaths to two million Orthodox souls." According to the laws of that time, statistics included only those who were buried in Orthodox churches, there is no evidence of the number of dead "foreigners", Old Believers, "atheists" at all. But at least in the same Vyatka province, Old Believers (schismatics), "foreigners" (unbaptized Mordovians and Votyaks) lived and worked side by side with Russian peasants. Catholics kept their accounts of the dead, but these data were not submitted to the general report.

Report to Nicholas II for January 1902: “In the winter of 1900-01, 12 provinces with a total population of up to 42 million people were starving. From this, the mortality rate is 2 million 813 thousand Orthodox souls."

No. 10 of Rossiyskoy Nezaleznik, 1903: “Up to two hundred thousand regular army soldiers were sent to suppress the riot of peasants and workers in the Poltava and Kharkiv provinces, as well as all available local Cossack and gendarme forces.” The newspaper "Kievsky Vestnik" dated March 9 of the same year in the section of incidents reports: "Yesterday three gendarmes hacked a blind singer with sabers for songs of outrageous content:" Oh, the good time will come, the toiler will eat his fill, and the gentlemen - for one rakita."

In 1911 (after the much vaunted "Stolypin reforms", which ruined the peasant community, the kulaks were allowed to buy up communal lands for a pittance and turn into real landowners): "9 provinces with a total population of up to 32 million people were starving. This is why the mortality rate is 1 million 613 thousand Orthodox souls."

According to a report at the annual session of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Empire: “Out of 6-7 million children born annually, up to 43% do not live to be 5 years old … 31% in one form or another show signs of nutritional deficiency: rickets, scurvy, pellagra, etc. " Even then, the question was raised that "the indiscriminate drunkenness of the poorest population disrupts the health of the child even before his birth." A separate paragraph lists the largest epidemics and the number of their victims: adults and children over 1 year old.

From the report for 1912 against the words: “Almost every tenth peasant child from among those examined shows various signs of mental deficiency. But this insufficiency is not only innate. A significant part of it stems from the fact that parents who are busy with work do not have time to at least somehow develop it, mentally and motor, in accordance with their age. And also, even with him, it is enough to talk and encourage with caresses, so that the child learns to speak, walk, and so on in due time. " - in the hand of the king it is written: "It does not matter" and the highest signature is affixed. That's how the tsar loved his people! He wanted to sneeze that the peasants live almost like animals, cannot eat normally and raise their children.

The same note is opposite the lines that "the average life expectancy of the population of Russia is 30.8 years." According to the laws of that time, the statistics, except for the "unsung" in the churches, also did not include the mortality rate of children under 1 year old.

From 1880 to 1916, a terrifying result can be summed up: up to 20 million Orthodox shower.

And here for comparison. The issue dated January 2, 1910 "Petersburg Vedomosti" reported: "… a small New Year's reception took place, which was attended by His Majesty the Emperor of All Russia with his family. And also 20 richest people in Russia were invited, and their invitation numbers were corresponding to their capital as of January 1 of last year. " Below has been published a list of these invitees, in order of their invitation card numbers. This list was opened by: A. Nobel (owner of many oil fields), banker Haim Rothschild and the manufacturer Singer … They were followed by R. Chandler (car tycoon), P. Schmetschen (shipping companies), etc. Moreover, there were only three citizens of Russia (not to mention nationality, religion, etc.) on this list: the manufacturer Putilov (12th place), owner of the largest oil fields Mantashev (13th place) and Georgian prince, general Chikovani (20th place). All in all, according to the statistics of the Russian Economic Society, published at the beginning of each year in the newspaper Birzhevye Novosti, by the beginning of 1913, 62% of large domestic industry was in the hands of foreigners (who did not have Russian citizenship), another 19% - in share or other joint ownership (joint stock, etc.).