Malitsa, Komi and 5 more examples of extreme clothing of the peoples of the Far North

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

The clothes are very wide. So that you can hide your hands inward to the body. A cord is inserted at the bottom. The legs are pulled inward and the hem is tightened. So is the hood. It turns out corn.

Here are the Taimyr clothes:

They sleep in it, buried in the snow.

The sleeves are long. Usually, when awake, they keep their gloved hands inside their sleeves. They shoot with gloves, taking their hands out of their sleeves, and grab onto the sleds through the sleeve. Fingers do not freeze.

Kuhlyanka, kamleika and 5 more examples of traditional clothing of the peoples of the Far North

Winter has come into its own, and although in the west of Russia it is still possible to wear a coat with reservations, we decided to turn to secret knowledge - the traditional clothes of the peoples of the Far North. How long can you use the equipment of lumberjacks and polar explorers, what kind of heritage is this? Whether it is the Aleuts, Chukchi, Eskimos and others like them - the aboriginal population of the most severe climatic zones of our planet.

Analogs

malitsa

Komi, Khanty, etc.

atkuk

Eskimos

Kukhlyanka

Deer skin blanket fur jacket. In winter, it is worn in two layers: outer (with fur outside) and inner (with fur inside), in warm weather - in one. The collar in a relaxed position is wide, but a rope of tendons threaded through it allows you to tighten if necessary.

If you stretch all the puffs, then the kuhlyanka becomes more like a cape. It is blown through by the wind and it is not hot in it. Another frequently used element is a belt on which knives, pouches and other necessary ammunition were hung. The degree of protection from the cold in kukhlyankas is so high that hunters often stay in them and sleep in the open air in the tundra, using the jacket as a sleeping bag. They put a kukhlyanka on their naked bodies. The fact is that the fur of a reindeer is porous and moisture from sweat is removed through the capillaries. The kitchen remains dry. And lice do not live in deer fur.

In fact, the design of kukhlyanka is universal for many different peoples of the Far North. Regional differences, of course, are, but not so significant: somewhere mittens are sewn to such a design, somewhere hoods, somewhere special bibs. But the material (although some tribes preferred to use the skins of the seals) and the cut remained unchanged. And the famous word "parka" - its Eskimo etymology appears in every article about N3B - also meant a deerskin jacket, simply with an elongated back hem, a hood and a swing-out one. In general, on the territory of modern Russia, such a design was rather more typical for women, but the "American Eskimos" used it in winter as an upper layer.

Camlake

The peoples of the Far North also have their own raincoats - kamleiki. In appearance, this jacket looks like a chewed model SI or Isaora and from a certain point of view can really claim the status of technological clothing. Kamleika is a blank shirt with a hood, which was usually worn as an outer layer on fur malitsa or kuhlyanka, and sea hunters were used to hunt. Such a shirt was made from the intestines and throat tissue of marine mammals: walrus, seal, sea lion. The special texture of such fabrics virtually did not allow water and snow to pass through, protecting the fur of the main jacket and the comfort of the wearer.

High fur boots

The word "fur boots" comes from the Evenk "fur boots", that is, "shoes". Such boots were made from reindeer or hare skins, that is, the skins from the legs of an animal. The sole of the shoe was made of sheared deer skin, and the fur boots were trimmed with fur from the inside. In most cases, they did not differ in special height, but if the boot was high, then under the knee it was pulled together with a hold. A classic element is beading or embroidery. The inner insole of the high fur boots was made of felt whenever possible, which provided additional comfort to the wearer. By the way, a variation of sheepskin high boots became a favorite wardrobe item for pilots during the First World War, as it allowed them to keep their feet warm even in conditions of extreme heights and an open cockpit.

Fur pants

For the designation of the most common bottom of the peoples of the North - fur pants - we do not know of any original terms. However, it was them in one form or another that were and are worn by almost all inhabitants of the northern latitudes. In winter, it is customary to wear two pairs at once, or, like the Eskimos, to put on under such pants - attention - fur (!) Stockings (Torboza).

Pants with straps. Reach the armpits. That is, there are four layers of fur on the chest. Two in the pants and two in the kitchen. There are reclining valves between the legs for the administration of natural needs. Dry moss is applied between high fur boots and torbozes. When it gets wet, they change it. There is nowhere to dry in the tundra.

On that military suit, the torboza are sewn to the suit. What is irrational: torboza, like any socks, wear out quickly. And for the sake of them, changing the entire suit is irrational. It is easier to replace the torboza.

Coccolo Gauntlets (Gloves!)

Mittens, like shoes, were embroidered from the kamus of young deer. Another widely used material was rovduga - suede made from reindeer or elk skins. (There are no elks in Taimyr)

There is only one drawback of traditional clothing: it takes 3-4 deer and 3 months of women's work.

You won't get enough food. You can try to replace the material with a chemical product, although I'm not sure that there is such a material. And if you create it, how much will it cost?

But the design has been developed over millennia and it is impossible to improve it.