Video: The rules of education of Anton Makarenko
2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55
For his time, Makarenko was an innovator and discovered things that today seem obvious to us.
1. Your own behavior is the most important thing in upbringing.
Do not think that you are raising a child only when you talk to him, or teach him, or order him. You bring him up at every moment of your life, even when you are not at home.
How you dress, how you talk with other people and about other people, how you are happy or sad, how you treat friends or enemies, how you laugh, how you read the newspaper - all this is of great importance to the child. The child sees or feels the slightest changes in tone, all the turns of your thought reach him in invisible ways, you do not notice them.
If at home you are rude, or boastful, or get drunk, and even worse, if you insult your mother, you no longer need to think about parenting: you are already raising your children and raising badly, and no best advice and methods will help you.
2. Raising children requires the most serious tone, the simplest and most sincere.
These three qualities should be the ultimate truth of your life. And seriousness does not mean at all that you should always be pompous, pompous. Just be sincere, let your mood match the moment and the essence of what is happening in your family.
3. Each father and mother should have a good idea of what they want to bring up in their child.
You must be clear about your own parental desires. Think well about this question, and you will immediately see many mistakes you have made and many correct paths ahead.
4. You should be well aware of what he is doing, where he is and who is surrounded by your child.
But you must give him the freedom he needs so that he is not only under your personal influence, but under the many different influences of life. You must develop the child's ability to deal with alien and harmful people and circumstances, to deal with them, to recognize them in a timely manner. In greenhouse education, in isolated incubation, this cannot be worked out.
5. Educational work is primarily the work of the organizer.
There are no trifles in this business. There are no trifles in educational work. Good organization is that it does not lose sight of the smallest details and incidents. Little things act regularly, daily, hourly, and life is made up of them.
Upbringing requires not a lot of time, but a reasonable use of a short time.
6. Do not impose your help, but always be ready to help.
Parental help should not be intrusive, annoying, tiresome. In some cases, it is absolutely necessary to allow the child to get out of the difficulty on his own, it is necessary that he gets used to overcoming obstacles and solving more complex issues.
But one must always see how the child performs any operation; one must not be allowed to get confused and despair. Sometimes it is even necessary for the child to see your alertness, attention and trust in his powers.
7. Do not pay or punish for the results of labor.
I strongly discourage the use of any kind of reward or punishment in the field of work. The labor problem and its solution should in themselves give the child such satisfaction that he feels joy. The recognition of his work as a good job should be the best reward for his work. The same reward for him will be your approval of his ingenuity, his resourcefulness, his ways of working.
But even with such verbal approval, you should never abuse, in particular, you should not praise the child for the work done in the presence of your acquaintances and friends. Moreover, there is no need to punish him for poor work or for undone work. The most important thing in this case is to ensure that it is still fulfilled.
8. Teaching a child to love is impossible without educating human dignity.
To teach to love, to teach to recognize love, to teach to be happy means to teach to respect oneself, to teach human dignity.
9. Never sacrifice yourself to a child.
Usually they say: "We, mother and father, give everything to the child, sacrifice everything to him, including our own happiness." This is the worst gift a parent can give to a child.
This is such a terrible gift that I recommend it: if you want to poison your child, give him a large dose of your own happiness to drink and he will be poisoned.
10. You cannot teach a person to be happy, but you can educate him so that he is happy.
And finally, another wonderful quote from the master:
"Love is the greatest feeling, which works wonders, which creates new people and creates the greatest human values."
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