Amazing facts about Vladimir Dahl

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

Service in the Nikolaev and Kronstadt fleets, heroic deed in the war with the Poles, study at the medical faculty of the University of Dorpat, work as a surgeon, close friendship with Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin and Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, the award of the Vladimir Cross from Nicholas I and membership in the Russian Geographical Society are far not all facts from the personal biography of Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl.

Under the pseudonym of Kazak Lugansky

Vladimir Dahl spent his early childhood in the village of Lugansk plant. The attachment to his native land was reflected in the writing activity of Vladimir Ivanovich. Under the pseudonym "Cossack Lugansky" Dahl wrote and published the first book. The book titled “Russian fairy tales from folk oral tradition into civil literacy, adapted to everyday life, and adorned with walking sayings, decorated by Cossack Vladimir Lugansky. The first five "saw the world in 1832. After it was withdrawn from sale, the handwritten version of the work was presented by Dal to Alexander Pushkin, to which the latter was incredibly happy.

But as a poet, Cossack Lugansky first established himself in the late 1820s, when his first poems were published in the Slavyanin magazine. In 1830, the story “Gypsy” appeared on the pages of the then popular “Moscow Telegraph”, which narrated about the life and life of Moldovan gypsies.

Punishment and encouragement for combat feat

In 1830-1831, the imperial army fought with the Poles. During this war, Dahl, a graduate of the Medical Faculty of the University of Dorpat, had a chance to heal many soldiers after battle wounds. But Vladimir Ivanovich became famous not only because of this. In addition to medical assistance, he, a devoted servant to his homeland, in every possible way helped the soldiers of the Russian army to get out of difficult situations.

Dahl served in one of the infantry corps, which the Poles tried to take into a cordon, tightly pressing against the banks of the Vistula. There was no river crossing, so if Vladimir Ivanovich had not applied his engineering skills in this situation, the corps soldiers would have been doomed to death.

So the eye surgeon was destined to temporarily become the commander of an entire corps, until a ferry was built from improvised means. Under his leadership, the soldiers collected empty wooden barrels, boards, ropes and other improvised means, thanks to which they managed to build a crossing in the shortest possible time.

The similarity of a wooden bridge allowed the Russian soldiers to retreat to the other side of the Vistula. After them, units of the Polish army went on the offensive, but they were not destined to achieve their goal. As soon as the Polish soldiers reached the middle of the crossing, the wooden structure was destroyed.

Thus, the military doctor had a chance to become the savior of the whole corps and make his contribution to the victory of the tsarist army over the Polish troops. For the heroism shown, Tsar Nicholas I appointed Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl to the award with the combat Vladimir cross. The military leadership acted differently: for deviating from direct official duties, the hero-surgeon was reprimanded.

V. Dahl - Danish by origin, but Russian in spirit

Vladimir Dal, the son of a Danish citizen, but a native of the Russian Empire, was a patriot of his homeland all his life. …

Once, Dal even visited the historical homeland of his ancestors. In anticipation of what he would see in Denmark, Vladimir Ivanovich stepped onto the shore of a country unfamiliar to him. Later, in his memoirs, Dahl wrote that he felt absolutely no connection with those regions. A trip to Denmark only helped him to convince himself of his attachment to Russia.

Friendship with Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin

Few people know how friendly these two literary figures were. Their acquaintance took place in the apartment of Alexander Sergeevich, which was located at the corner of Gorokhovaya and Bolshaya Morskaya streets. As Dahl himself later described, before meeting, he experienced excitement and shyness. But, nevertheless, refusing the services of Zhukovsky, who was supposed to introduce them, Vladimir Ivanovich decided to introduce himself to the poet on his own.

At the first acquaintance, Dahl presented to Pushkin a manuscript of his own work - a collection of fairy tales, to which he received a gift in return - a new work by Pushkin "About the priest and his worker Balda". Having received the gift, Alexander Sergeevich immediately began to read to them and praise the author's style and wit. So their strong friendship "to the grave" was struck in the literal sense: Dal was next to Pushkin until the last minutes of his life.

It was Pushkin who pushed Dahl to the idea of creating a full-fledged dictionary of the spoken language, the first edition of which saw the world in 1863.

Master in Medical Field

A good doctor, Dahl often provided medical assistance to soldiers during the Polish campaign of 1830 and the Russo-Turkish War. But the saddest and most tragic year in his medical practice was 1837, when he had to operate on a close friend, Alexander Pushkin.

After the last duel between Pushkin and Dantes, the poet was in an extremely serious condition. Upon learning of this, Dal quickly arrived at the already well-known apartment on the corner of Gorokhovaya and Bolshaya Morskaya. Together with Ivan Spassky, the poet's physician, Vladimir Ivanovich got down to business. It was not so easy, because Alexander Sergeevich was wounded while wearing a heavy frock coat, which could not be removed painlessly. Another interesting story is connected with this fact.

Once Pushkin heard from his friend an unknown word, which he liked very much - "vypolznina". As Dahl explained, this term refers to the snake's skin, which the snake sheds after winter. The poet remembered this word and used it often. Once, having come to Dal in a new frock coat, Pushkin boasted: "I will not soon crawl out of this crawl." It was this coat that Alexander Sergeevich wore on the day of the fatal duel. To carry out the operation, Dahl had to cut the poet's favorite outerwear.

After the operation, it became clear that there was no question of recovery. Realizing this, Alexander Sergeevich took off his beloved ring and handed it to Dal, saying that he had nothing more to write about. This ring became a dying gift, which Vladimir Ivanovich did not take off until the end of his life.

The autopsy of the poet's body also had to be carried out by Vladimir Dal, together with Ivan Spassky.

The first storyteller in Russia

The well-known collection of fairy tales became the first book in Russia to be written in this genre. In addition, before writing this work, Dahl had been collecting various dialectical sayings and phrases unknown to him in the common language for a long time throughout Russia. The author strove to express in his work the features of all dialectical groups, to convey the diversity and richness of the living Russian language. He succeeded, "Fairy Tales" gained great popularity in a short period of time. By the way, it was this work that inspired Alexander Pushkin to create everyone's favorite fairy tale about the fisherman and the fish.

However, shortly after the publication of this book, censorship criticized it for its anti-government sentiment, and copies were withdrawn from sale. Vladimir Ivanovich was saved from political persecution and arrest only by his former services to his homeland.

The famous explanatory dictionary

After 53 years of ethnographic and lexicographic work, Dal publishes the crown of his literary work - "Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language."This was the result of colossal work, for which in 1861 the Russian Geographical Society awarded the author the Constantine Medal.

The history of the creation of the dictionary dates back to March 1819, when Dahl wrote down in a notebook the first word unknown to him from the driver of the Novgorod province, and this fact also has its own history. The last words were entered into the dictionary shortly before the death of Vladimir Ivanovich. In total, the dictionary has 200 thousand words that characterize church, book, vernacular, dialectal and professional terms.

For a more accurate explanation of some terms, Dahl gave an example of the use of these words - he selected proverbs, riddles, folk omens and aphorisms, of which the dictionary numbers more than 30 thousand. As the author himself explained, it is simply impossible to understand the lexical meaning of dialectical utterances in some regions, if you do not give examples of their use in common speech.

In 1868, Vladimir Ivanovich Dal was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences.

To the number of unusual facts about Dahl, one can also add that he was dismissed from the administrative structures of Novgorod with the latent wording UNBEELABLE HONEST DAL !!!!

Here is an example of ANTI-CORRUPTION HUMAN BEHAVIOR in an administrative position !!!! Unbearably honest !!!

We also add that it is Dahl (unbearably honest !!!!!) - the author of "Notes on ritual murders". That is why a monument in the capital will probably not be erected to him … They will not forgive him …

By the way, he was also elected to the Academy of Sciences in the field of NATURAL SCIENCES, and not in linguistics (not for the DICTIONARY) …