Unsolved mysteries of space

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

Despite the continuous improvement of technology and progress in the study and exploration of space, it still remains something unknown and incomprehensible for mankind.

How did the universe come about?

There are many hypotheses and assumptions regarding the origin of the Universe, but none of them has yet been reliably confirmed, so more than one generation of people will surely fight over the solution of this riddle.

The most popular in the scientific world is the theory of the "Big Bang", put forward back in 1922 and still recognized by default as the main official scientific theory. Its author is the Soviet geophysicist Alexander Fridman, who suggested that at first all existing matter was compressed at one point and had a dense homogeneous medium. When the critical threshold of compression was exceeded, that very Big Bang happened, after which the continuous expansion of the Universe began.

However, this theory does not answer the question of what happened before the Big Bang, because it is just one of the stages of an endless series of expansions and contractions of space. In addition, a number of physicists believe that after the Big Bang, the distribution of matter in the Universe would occur in a chaotic order, while in practice an ordered process is observed.

Where are the boundaries of the universe?

Scientists believe that the universe is in the process of continuous growth.

The famous American astronomer Edwin Hubble, back in the 20s of the last century, was able to detect vague nebulae, which were galaxies similar to ours. Subsequently, he proved that there is a process of continuous removal of galaxies from each other, and the speed of movement is the greater, the further the galaxy is located.

Modern equipment has made it possible to establish the approximate age of the Universe based on light coming from its distant borders - 13 billion 700 million years. The diameter of the Universe was also determined, amounting to 156 billion light years (for comparison, the size of our Milky Way galaxy is about 100 thousand light years).

With further acceleration of the motion of galaxies, at some point their speed will exceed the speed of light, and it will be impossible to see them, since the transmission of a superluminal signal is not possible. Thus, in the future, if there is no breakthrough in space exploration technologies, it will no longer be possible to study even those objects that are located inside the Universe. At the same time, everything that is outside the investigated boundaries of the Universe remains completely unknown to modern scientists, and there are no prerequisites to believe that something will change in the foreseeable future.

What are black holes?

Astronomers have known about the existence of so-called black holes for a long time, but real evidence of their presence in outer space has already been obtained today. The black hole itself cannot be seen, and it is determined by the movement of interstellar gas in galaxies.

Black holes have simply monstrous gravity, due to which the entire surrounding space-time is simply drawn in. Everything that falls beyond the so-called event horizon, including even light radiation, is drawn into itself by the black hole forever.

Scientists estimate that the center of our galaxy is home to one of the most massive black holes, the mass of which is millions of times greater than the Sun. At the same time, the famous physicist Stephen Hawking believed that there may be ultra-small black holes in the Universe, which can be compared to a mountain that has condensed to such an extent that its size has become equal to a proton while maintaining its original mass.

What happens when a supernova explodes?

The death of a star is accompanied by an incredibly bright flash, the power of which can exceed the glow of the galaxy. This phenomenon is called a supernova. Astronomers believe that supernovae occur quite often, but reliable and complete scientific information is available only on

several similar cases. The maximum brightness during a supernova explosion persists for about two Earth days, however, even after thousands of years after the explosion, its consequences can be observed. For example, one of the most spectacular sights in the universe, called the Crab Nebula, is also believed to be a supernova.

It is too early to put an end to the theory of supernovae, since an extremely large number of points remain unclear. Scientists believe that this phenomenon can manifest itself as a result of gravitational collapse or thermonuclear explosion. A number of astronomers are of the opinion that galaxies are built from the chemicals released during a supernova explosion.

How does cosmic time flow?

Time is a relative value, and it flows differently in different conditions. So, there is a theory according to which for a person moving at high speed, time will flow more slowly. Therefore, if you send one of the two twins into space, and leave the other on Earth, then after some time the first will be younger than the second.

At the same time, there is another theory. according to which gravity leads to time dilation: the stronger it is, the slower time flows. Accordingly, on Earth, time should go slower than in orbit. This version is also confirmed by the clocks installed on the GPS spacecraft, which are ahead of the earth by approximately 38, 7 thousand nanoseconds per day.

What is the Kuiper Belt?

At the end of the last century, an asteroid belt was discovered beyond the orbit of Neptune, called the Kuiper belt. He has largely upended the conventional wisdom about the solar system. So, it was after this discovery that Pluto lost its planetary status and became a planetoid. Under this name are hidden objects that were formed from the gases accumulated in the most remote and coldest region of the solar system, remaining during the formation of our system. Astronomers have managed to count over 10 thousand planetoids, including a planetoid named UB13, which is larger than Pluto in size.

Located at a distance of 47 AU from the Sun, the Kuiper belt was initially perceived as the final boundary of our system, but scientists still continue to discover new, even more distant planetoids. Some astrophysicists believe that some objects in the Kuiper belt do not belong to the solar system at all, but are part of another system.

Alternative views on the Universe

The views on the Universe that refute the main scientific dogmas - Einstein's Theory of Relativity, which revives the theory of ether, destroyed in the twentieth century, are becoming more and more widespread.

You can read the following materials on this topic:

Ether theory. What unites Mendeleev, Tesla and von Braun?

How Einstein's lies were promoted

And these documentaries talk about the concept of the universe. Inhomogeneous Universe, which is based on the heterogeneity of space.