The technological level of the northern gods in the Mahabharata

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

In the ancient Indian epic, the great sage Narada (recall that the highest peak of the Urals is called Narada), narrating about the northern country "Suvarna", speaks of the city of Patala located here, which is inhabited by Daityas and Danavas. What is so surprising about this region? Here is a description of the Mahabharata:

Here the golden-haired sun rises every six months.

And fills with words the world called Suvarna.

(Here) the flowing waters take on beautiful images, That is why the excellent city is called Patala.

…………………………………………………………………

(Here) great rishis dwell, having given up their lives, taking possession of the heavens.

In connection with these lines, BL Smirnov notes that the part of the text where it is said that “the sun rises on Suvarna every six months is of exceptional interest. This is a very important evidence of the ancient Indians' acquaintance with the polar countries, which are here called the "Golden Country" or "Beautifully Colored". He believes that confirms the correctness of the interpretation of "Suvarna" as a polar country is that "the water here, falling," becomes an ornament ", that is, freezes in beautiful forms, hence the name" Patala ".

Further, the text of the Mahabharata says that in the north there is "the happy country of Rasatala", where the flow of heavenly milk, falling to the ground, formed the "Sea of Milk", which is the "purifier of the Universe." And finally, the Mahabharata tells about the great Northern country called "Ascended", where the road of the "Golden Bucket" - the Big Dipper passes, where "radiance appears".

BL Smirnov writes that, apparently, here we are talking about the northern lights and "if this is so, then this place is one more proof of the familiarity of the ancient Aryans with the polar countries." In the same chapter of the book "Bhagavan's Journey" (one of the books of the Mahabharata) it is said that:

There are seven rishis and the goddess Arunhati;

Here is the constellation Swati, here they remember

about his greatness;

Here descending to the sacrifice, Pole Star

strengthened the Great Ancestor;

Here the constellations, the moon and the sun are constantly circling;

Here, the best of twice born, the gate

The singers of the country are guarded;

……………………………………………………..

Here is the mountain that is called Kailasa and the palace of Kuvera;

Ten apsaras live here by name

(Blistavitsy)

……………………………………………………..

Here is Zenith-Vishnupada, the trail left by the walking Vishnu;

Walking through three worlds, he reached the northern, ascended country.

BL Smirnov emphasizes that “the trail of“Vishnu”is the zenith. According to legend, Vishnu "stepped over all the worlds in three steps." But the north (Polaris) is at its zenith only at the pole, or, roughly, in the polar countries. This is one more evidence of the knowledge of the polar sky by the Aryans. " It is here, in the Polar region, that you can see the star of Arunhati and the constellation Svati, here the constellations, the moon and the sun are constantly circling around the Pole Star, the Northern Lights sparkle here, and, finally, the Kailasa River is the source of Pinega, which means nearby was the Kailasa Mahabharata plateau, on which the Aryans cultivated barley.

Describing the "northern country", the ascetic Narada says that "great sages who have conquered the heavens" live here, flying on "beautiful chariots."

Another of the famous Aryan sages, Galava, describes a flight on the divine bird Garuda. He says that the body of this bird "in motion appears to be clothed in radiance, like a thousand-rayed sun at sunrise." The sage's hearing is "deafened by the roar of the great whirlwind," he "does not feel his body, does not see, does not hear." Galava is shocked that “neither the sun, nor the sides, nor the space are visible”, he “sees only darkness” and, not distinguishing between his own body and the body of the bird, he sees the flame emanating from the body of this bird.

The "Forest" book of the Mahabharata tells about the ascent of the hero Arjuna to the sky of the god Indra. Here is a description of the heavenly staircase - "vimana":

Scattering the darkness in the sky, as if cutting through the clouds, Filling the sides of the world with a noise like the roar of a huge gloom;

Powerful broadswords, terrible clubs, terrifying, Of a wondrous product, darts, glowing flashes, Thunder arrows, discs, weights, blanks (were on that chariot);

(Her movement was accompanied by) gusts of wind, whirlwinds, huge thunderclouds.

There are very terrible snakes, with huge bodies and flaming jaws;

Gems were heaped up, like the cloudy mountains.

Ten thousand skewbald horses like the wind

They attracted that wondrous, enchanting and enchanting chariot."

And when Arjuna ascended this chariot, "wondrous, shining like the sun, skillfully worked," and ascended to heaven, he "moved along a road invisible to mortals." And where "neither fire, nor moon, nor sun shone," he "saw thousands of chariots, wonderful views." The stars here shone with "their own light" and "those star-like, glittering chariots were visible." Seeing "huge images shining from afar, fiery and beautiful," and gazing in amazement at the "self-luminous worlds", Arjuna asked the chariot manager Matali what it was. And he received the following answer: “These are righteous nicknames shining, each in his place, Partha; if you look at them from the ground, they appear in the form of stars (motionless). " It is interesting that the place from which the celestial chariot took off, carrying Arjuna to other worlds, was called Guruskanda and was located on the shining northern island of Shvetadvipa. The fact that it was to the north that the great ascetics Nara and Narayana flew back in the days of the forefather of the people Manu (Svarozhich) is said in another book of the Mahabharata - "Narayaniya". Here Mount Meru is called "excellent, inhabited with perfect heavenly pilgrims." Nara and Narayana descend on their golden flying chariot exactly to Mount Meru, since "the basis (dharma) develops from here for the fabric of the whole world", and then they fly to the shining island of Shvetadvipu, inhabited by "bright people shining like a month."

It should be noted that the Viking legends tell about flying ships of fire, which they saw in the polar latitudes. A. A. Gorbovsky writes in connection with this that such devices "could hover, hovering in the air, and move over great distances" in the blink of an eye "," at the speed of thought. " The last comparison belongs to Homer, who mentioned the people who lived in the north and moved on these amazing ships … Other Greek authors also wrote about the people who supposedly knew the secret of flying in the air. This people, the Hyperboreans, lived in the North, and the sun rose over them only once a year. " A. A. Gorbovsky emphasizes that the Aryans who came to India 4 thousand years ago brought from their ancestral home "information about flying devices that we find in Sanskrit sources." He refers to the ancient Indian epic Ramayana, which says that the celestial chariot “shone”, “like fire on a summer night,” was “like a comet in the sky,” “flamed like a red fire,” “was like a guiding light, moving in space "that" it was set in motion by a winged lightning "," the whole sky was lit when it flew over it ", two streams of flame emanated from it." In the “Forest” book of Ma Habharata, the flight of such a chariot is described as follows: “A sparkling (chariot) driven by Matali suddenly illuminated the sky. She looked like a giant meteor surrounded by clouds, like a smokeless tongue of flame."

The same "Forest" book tells about the whole "flying city" Saubha, which hovered above the ground at a height of one crumb (ie 4 km.), And from there "arrows, similar to a blazing fire," the warriors were thrilled by the sight of Saubha approaching the earth.

A. A. Gorbovsky gives in his book a description of the internal structure of these aircraft, given in various Sanskrit sources. Thus, in the Samarangana Sutradhara it is said: “His body, made of light metal, like a large flying bird, must be strong and durable. A device with mercury and a heating device underneath should be placed inside. Through the force that lurks in mercury and which sets in motion the carrying vortex, a person inside this chariot can fly long distances across the sky in the most amazing way. Having entered it, a person can, like a two-winged bird, rise into the blue sky. " And one more battle scene from the Mahabharata. “We noticed something in the sky that looked like a flaming cloud, like tongues of fire. A huge black vimana (celestial chariot) emerged from it, which brought down many sparkling (luminous) shells. The gro hot they uttered was like thunder from thousands of drums. Vimana approached the ground with unimaginable speed and fired a multitude of shells, sparkling like gold, thousands of lightning bolts. This was followed by violent explosions and hundreds of fiery whirlwinds … The army fled, and the terrible vimaana pursued it until it was destroyed."

According to the descriptions given in various books of the Mahabharata, the celestial chariots were of different types and were created from different materials. Above was a description of a "vimana" made of light silver metal, and in the first book of the Mahabharata it is said that Indra gave the king of the Chedi people - Vasu - "a wonderful great crystal chariot capable of moving through the air - such as used by the gods in the air … The Gandharvas and Apsaras were approaching the noble king Vasu, who was riding in the crystal chariot of Indra, " it can be concluded that this type of aircraft was made of some kind of transparent material. According to the Mahabharata, King Vasu ruled in ancient times, but after thousands of years his distant descendant Arjuna also used flying machines. God Agni gave Arjuna a chariot, into which were harnessed wonderful heavenly horses, "silvery like a white cloud" and "fast like the wind or thoughts."

Equipped with all the tools, it was invincible by the gods and Danavas, it sparkled with brilliance, raised a great roar and carried away the hearts of all creatures. It was created by his art Vishvakarman, the ruler of the world. Ascending this chariot, the sight of which, like the sun, was inaccessible to the eye, the mighty Soma defeated the Danavs. She shone with beauty, as if it were a reflection of a cloud on a mountain. On that beautiful chariot was installed an extraordinary golden flag staff, brightly sparkling and beautiful, like Shakra's arrow … There were various huge creatures on the banner, from the roar of which the enemy soldiers fainted.

Note that Vishvakarman "was the creator of thousands of arts and crafts, the architect of the gods, the master of all decorations, the best of the craftsmen who made the heavenly chariots."

In addition to military purposes, flying chariots were also used for such purely everyday matters as bride kidnapping. So, Arjuna, I will be in conspiracy with Krishna, I received a celestial chariot to kidnap his sister. “She was … equipped with all kinds of weapons and thundered like a rolling cloud; she had a brilliance similar to a blazing fire, and dispelled the joy of enemies … And, seizing the maiden with a clear smile, the tiger among her husbands then set off on a fast chariot to his city , which he reached in a matter of hours, while, according to the Mahabharata, before him there were several months of horse riding.

Returning to the battle scenes of the Mahabharata, it is worth noting that in addition to the "sparkling shells", bows and arrows, other types of weapons are repeatedly mentioned in the epic text. Reading their descriptions, one involuntarily imbued with the thought that these lines relate to our time. So, for example, the weapon "Anjalika" is described: "six-winged, three cubits long, formidable-swift, inevitable …, inspiring fear, disastrous for all living things." As a result of its use: “the streams interrupted their run, the darkened sun bent to the west, and the planet, the children of the Pit, which did not yield to the flames of the sun, rose high into the sky along its crooked orbit … fierce winds, the sides of the world began to smoke and burst into bright flames. The oceans agitated and roared, many mountains with groves on them hesitated, the doubts of living beings suddenly experienced unprecedented torment … and Jupiter, oppressing the Rohini (constellations), became like the Sun and the Moon with its radiance … There were no directions, the whole sky was covered with darkness, the earth flaming-scarlet comets were shaking, falling from the sky, and those "roaming in the night" were filled with great jubilation!"

Other weapons were also used. For example, the "weapon of Javetas", which "burned with a bright flame." He was tamed with the “weapon of Varuna”, by means of which all sides of the World were enveloped in clouds, and such darkness fell, “as if it was a rainy day,” but these varnishes were dispelled by the “weapon of Vayu”. Or “the great formidable weapon Pashchupatu, capable of crushing the triple universe”, which cannot be “thrown at any person: if it hits the weak, the entire transitory world will perish. Here, in the three worlds, everything moving or immovable is vulnerable to him. It can be set in motion with thought, eye, word and bow."

From the use of the "naga" weapon the legs of the enemy soldiers were constrained by immobility, which was removed by the use of the "sauparna" weapon, and from the use of the "aishik" weapon by Ashvatthaman the breathing embryos in the womb of mothers were damaged.

And here are two excerpts from different texts.

First:

Hearing the hiss, the advisers fled! And because of great sorrow they saw a wondrous serpent … rushing through the air, leaving a lotus-colored strip in the sky, like a parting. Then they left in fear the palace, engulfed in fire, born of the venom of the snake, and scattered in all directions. Atot collapsed as if struck by lightning.

And the second one:

And such a picture was played out in the sky, as if two snakes came close to each other … a snake, spreading huge silvery hundred-scaly tails behind it. When the snakes clashed their foreheads, the faster flew further, and the second's head fell off the tail and began to fall, licked by tongues of flame, falling apart into smoking and burning pieces. Where the largest piece fell, a fire flashed, an explosion crashed, and a dirty brown cloud shot up over the ground, gradually acquiring the form of a huge mushroom that grew over the steppe.

It would seem that these texts were written at the same time and about the same phenomenon. However, the first of them is an excerpt from the Mahabharata epic, which tells about an unsuccessful experience with the "serpent" that occurred in the summer of 3005 BC, and the second is the story of the General Designer of Anti-Missile Systems, Lieutenant General, Corresponding Member RAS G. V. Kisunko, on the first test of domestic missiles to destroy moving targets (in this case, the Tu-4 bomber) in April 1953.

In battle scenes spears are described, "fiery, impetuous, formidable, blazing like a big comet." Bows similar to the Gandiva bow, which was endowed with “great power … invincible by any weapon and crushed all weapons, dominating all weapons and destroying enemy troops. He expanded the kingdoms and one could be compared with a hundred thousand. " Various "arrows" are described in the Mahabharata. So, during the flight of some, "the sky, the earth and the air space together seemed to fly apart … the whole sky above that place was ablaze, as if covered with red clouds." Others, called "Raudra's weapons", have been compared to "searing flames and serpentine venom." This is how the Pandavas describe the demonstration of the fighting properties of this "all-iron arrow":

Then appeared … a three-headed, nine-eyed, three-faced, six-armed, sparkling creature with hair burning like the sun. On each of his heads there are huge snakes with protruding stings … As soon as he activated the weapon of heaven, the earth gave under his feet and trembled along with the trees, the rivers and the great guardian of waters were agitated, the rocks split. The wind no longer blew, the luminary pouring thousands of rays faded, the fire went out … the inhabitants of the earth's bowels in fear got out … scorched by the fire of heavenly weapons, humbly folding their palms and covering their faces, trembling, they prayed for mercy ….

And further:

In the midst of the celebration, O king, Narada, sent by the gods, approached Partha and spoke with such noteworthy words: “O Arjuna, Arjuna! Abandon the heavenly weapon, O Bharata! It should never be consumed without a purpose. And even if there is such a goal, one should not use this weapon unnecessarily. It is a great evil to use it, O descendant of the Kuru! Beregister it, as before, O conqueror of wealth, and it will undoubtedly retain its power and serve for the good. And if you do not take care of this weapon, three worlds can perish from it. Never do that again!

However, according to the Mahabharata, the warning was not heard. And as a result of the war, "one billion six hundred sixty million onov and twenty thousand people were killed in the battle, rajah, the remaining knights - twenty-four thousand one hundred and sixty."

Naturally, the rest tried to get rid of such a dangerous weapon. "Snakes full of poison, like the destructive fire at the end of the yuga" were almost completely destroyed during the "snake sacrifice", which lasted three years (when, in fact, the Mahabharata was created), but was never completed. A more powerful "heavenly weapon", including the bow "Gandiva", was drowned even earlier, the disc of Krishna "with a diamond navel, the one that Agni gave Krishna, was ascended to heaven in front of the Vrishnians", crashing somewhere in the north. It was "a disc with a steel bar attached to the middle - a fire weapon." God Agni, making a gift to Krish not, admonished him:

With this, you will undoubtedly defeat even non-human beings … when, during a battle, you throw it at enemies, it, having slain them, will return again into your hands, remaining irresistible in battle.

Krishna's weapons could fly tens of kilometers and easily destroy a variety of materials.

In connection with this legend about “Krishna's disk” it makes sense to refer to the report about an interesting find made by three fishermen on the bank of the river. Vashki (in the Komi ASSR) in the summer of 1976. They found an unusual stone the size of a fist, gleaming white and emitting sheaves of sparks upon impact. When the fishermen tried to split it among themselves, jets of white fire flew out from under the saw teeth. The stone was transferred to the Institute of Geology of the Komi ASSR, then it was studied at the All-Union Scientific Research Institute of Nuclear Physics and Geochemistry, the Institute of Physical Problems named after V. I. SI Vavilov, Institute of Geochemistry named after VI Vernadsky, the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys and a number of other scientific departments. According to the researchers, the found sample is an alloy of rare earth elements. The content of cerium in it is 67.2%, lanthanum - 10.9%, neodymium - 8.781%, there is a small amount of iron and chromium, among impurities - uranium and molybdenum, the content of which does not exceed 0.04% …

The conclusion of the employees of the All-Russian Research Institute of Nuclear Physics and Geochemistry V. Miller, S. Savostin, O. Gorbatyuk and V. Fomenko is this alloy of artificial origin. Cerium, lanthanum, and neodymium are found in terrestrial rocks in a very scattered form, and the studied object showed an amazingly high content of these elements in a small volume of matter. In nature, in such a combination, they almost never occur. At the same time, the sample does not contain iron oxide forms, while in nature they are present everywhere. "Vashkinsky stone" could not be a piece of meteorite, becausethe content of rare earth elements in them does not differ from that of the earth, and meteorites practically cannot be made of pure rare earth metals. The alloy could be made only under terrestrial conditions - this is evidenced by isotopic analysis, which showed that the composition of the alloy coincides with terrestrial ratios to within hundredths of a percent.

Even more unexpected were the results of studies on radio activity. In the found sample, the uranium content is 140 times higher than the average uranium content in rocks (1 g / t). But on the other hand, there are no uranium decay products in it, i.e. only its own radioactivity takes place. And this is another evidence of the artificial origin of the alloy.

The age of the "stone" could not be determined. For uranium it is no less than 100 thousand years old, and for thorium it is no more than 30 years old.

The level of manufacturing technology is evidenced by the fact that in any earth alloy of rare earth metals, impurities of calcium and sodium are obligatory; they are found in spectral analysis even in reference samples obtained using the most advanced purification methods. Even traces of calcium or sodium were not found in the Vashkin find. Experts say that at the modern level of technology, it is impossible to obtain an alloy without these impurities. The purity of the constituent components was also striking. Lanthanum is accompanied by other metals of its group, due to the similar chemical and physical properties, it is possible to separate them with great difficulty. In the sample found, lanthanum is presented in a perfectly pure form. The analysis revealed that the sample consists of a mixture of powders, the fractions of which have different crystalline structures; the smallest powder particles are only a few hundred atoms. Such an alloy can be obtained by cold pressing at a pressure of tens of thousands of atmospheres. This is supported by the extraordinary density of the alloy, which is 10% lower than the theoretically assumed one according to all known laws. The magnetic properties of the sample are also extraordinary; they differ in different directions by more than 15 times. The researchers suggest that such an alloy could be used for magnetic cooling to temperatures that are thousandths of a degree different from absolute zero. When this temperature is reached, the gases transform into a solid form, the properties of the substance change, and complete superconductivity arises. In order for the alloy to have such characteristics, it must be fabricated in very strong magnetic fields, which are not yet available to modern technologies. Scientists assume that the fragment was a part of a ring, cylinder, or sphere with a diameter of 1.2 m.

It can be assumed that the superconducting medium that arose around such a disk completely destroyed any material obstacles in its path.

It should be emphasized that at present there is no equipment capable of pressing such parts under pressure of tens of thousands of atmospheres. It is tempting to suppose that the "Vashkin stone" is part of Krishna's fiery disk, glorified in the Mahabharata, which crashed somewhere in the north.

It has already been noted that the knowledge of the ancient Indians amazed Abureikhan Biruni in the 11th century. He wrote that, according to Indian ideas, the days of the "universal soul" are equal to 622 08 x 109 earth years, and the day of Shiva is 3726414712658945818755072 x 1030 earth years.

In Sanskrit texts, as A. A. Gorbovsky notes, there are the terms "rubti", equal to 0.3375 seconds, and "kashta", equal to 1/300,000,000 of a second. “Our civilization has come to such short periods of time only quite recently, literally in recent years. In particular, the "kashta" turned out to be very close to the lifetime of some mesons and hyperons. One of two things: either they invented terms that stood for nothing, and invented units of measurement that they could not use, or it remains to assume that these terms came into Sanskrit texts from the times when there were live content, i.e. “Rubbing” and “kashta” could be measured, and there was a need for that, - writes A. A. Gorbovsky. We have reason to believe that the Aryans possessed such knowledge, as well as ideas about the possibility of space flights, about the structure and appearance of aircraft, in their Eastern European, or rather, the Circumpolar ancestral home.

It is worth noting here that one of Plutarch's heroes, who visited the Hyperboreans, where six months a day and six months a night (i.e. close to the North Pole), received here “as much knowledge in astronomy as a person studying geometry . As for the location of the land of the Hyperboreans, in addition to everything said earlier, it makes sense to draw attention to the conclusion of the American geophysicist A. O'Kelly, according to which, as a result of the last glaciation, the North Pole was located at 60 ° N, which is as much as 30 ° south of the present one. By the way, exactly at 60 ° N lat. there are also the Northern Uvaly or Hyperborean mountains of the ancients.

fragment of S. V. Zharnikova's book "The Golden Thread"