Granite Petersburg. Part 2

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

1. Regardless of the method of making granite monoliths, all the proposed technologies: casting, and working with natural stone, and "plasticine", and other "plasma cutters" clearly do not fit into the officially designated technological level of 200 years ago - this is the main thing.

And it doesn't even make much sense to be tied to any specific dates for the construction of the same St. Isaac's Cathedral, since according to the official version, the Kazan Cathedral was built in 1811 - the granite columns inside this cathedral are slightly smaller, but with the same quality of workmanship and geometry.

It turns out according to official data, at the turn of the 18-19th century this technology already existed.

2. Now let us consider in more detail the evidence of "pre-Petrine" Petersburg, and this will mainly be official data, far from alternative versions.

Here is the data of a researcher who wished to remain anonymous, who managed to photograph the artifacts dumped at the entrance to the Menshikov Bastion. These are the results of excavations in 2007-2009 (the dates of excavations differ slightly according to different sources) from the outside of the Menshikov Bastion (from the side of Kronverk).

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A granite bath is an analogue of baths from the thermal baths of Caracalla, a slightly different angle of inclination, local granite. Here are comparative photographs: 1 - a bath from St. Petersburg, 2, 3 - Roman baths from the thermal baths of Caracalla, 4 - a bath from the old museum of Berlin.

What is this - copying for antiquity or evidence of the same level of technical and industrial culture? Which way will we move: the St. Petersburg bath is ancient or the Roman museum exhibits are much younger?

According to the official version, this is a drinking bowl for sophisticated Petersburg horses, such drinking bowls were installed according to Montferrand's design in the stables of the Small Hermitage (now they are in the courtyard of the Hermitage):

But back to Hare Island.

In any case, the official archeology of St. Petersburg has quite a few such unexpected artifacts. Here are some examples in traditional chronology:

In the Nevye region, treasures of Arab coins have been found dating back to the time of the active functioning of the “Way from the Varangians to the Greeks”

The first of them (silver Sassanid coins of the 7th-8th centuries) was discovered as early as 1797 during the construction of the Galley Harbor; in 1804 a serf peasant dug up on one of the islands, as much, 7 poods of silver coins; and in 1941 a similar treasure (86 Kufic and Sassanid coins) was found near Petrodvorets.

Treasures of Roman time in the Leningrad region

To the Laboratory of Archeology, Historical Sociology and Cultural Heritage. G. S. Lebedev received two hoards of Roman time from the territory of the Leningrad region. The staff of the Laboratory expresses sincere gratitude to the resident of the city of Pushkin, Alexander Alexandrovich Panshin, who discovered these interesting finds and transferred them to the Laboratory (photo by Grigory Kobesh).

The first treasure consists of 30 Roman copper coins of satisfactory preservation. The second treasure includes 12 copper coins and fragments of bronze jewelry from the Roman period - a neck grivna, a brooch and a narrow bracelet. Previously, both complexes can be attributed to the 1st - 2nd centuries A. D.

From comments:

In the book "A village on … heights" it is written: "… At the beginning of the 50s of the twentieth century, in the gardening area" Rest of the working people ", … an earthen vessel filled with ancient coins was found. They depicted the sun pouring out rays. coins were minted in ancient Rome even before the adoption of Christianity - in 314 AD"

I remember in 1998 or 1999 when "old search engines from a flock of comrades" were referred to the Hermitage for more than thirty late Roman brooches. Officially, they were told "go out, dug up in the Crimea and compose here fairy tales about the Leningrad region."And unofficially, the answer was received - "because of you, the detectors will have to rewrite the history of the region." The following was roughly interpreted - the "writings" of the current version of history will die, it will be possible to correct it …..

You can read about other finds of objects from Roman times in the Leningrad Region here:

Bulkin V. A., Sedykh V. N., Kargapoltsev S. Yu. Rivers of the eastern part of the Baltic basin in late antique sources and some archaeological finds on the river. Luga.

And here is a photo of the embankment under water in St. Petersburg, on the Monastyrka River:

The level of this embankment quite successfully "beats" with the fact that the first floors are littered almost throughout St. Petersburg, about which it was written more than once, and not twice.

Excavations on Okhta

Against the background of these data, the excavations on Okhta, which were carried out before the construction of the notorious Gazprom tower, look rather dim, but officially.

The official position is as follows: the oldest deposits of the cultural layer in the area under consideration date back to 7-3 thousand years ago.

On the territory of Eastern Europe, settlements of the Neolithic and Early Metal period with such preservation of organic remains are an extremely rare phenomenon, and on the territory of the Leningrad Region they are unique. Thanks to excavations on the Okhta Cape, science has obtained invaluable information about the daily life and economic activities of people who inhabited the territory of the future St. Petersburg in the era of primitiveness.

Later deposits were also found, according to the official version, traces of the 1300 Landskrona fortress. Here is one of the photos from these excavations in the center of St. Petersburg:

Quality and quantity of official documents

There is an interesting argument about the quantity and quality of written sources of the history of St. Petersburg 200 years ago. Impressed by the article of the alternatives, it sometimes seems that there are very few of them, and they are all "confused in the testimony."

As for "getting confused" - here, perhaps, the guess of Lev the Hudy, who wrote about the hints that were deliberately scattered in official documents, by "shtirlits" in the camp of total falsification, is perhaps more appropriate. How else to explain the technically mutually exclusive drawings from Montferrand's albums, where on successive pages, a column now with a ring, now without, now with cubes for enclosing, Isaac is standing at the time of the opening of the Alexandrian column, or not.

As for the number of official "paper" certificates, then, of course, there are a lot of them.

The archives contain a large number of letters from Moferran, and from various persons to him, the commission for the construction of St. Isaac's Cathedral has accumulated more than a thousand files during the entire construction period - this is at least the same number of separate documents.

In general, there are materials in the archives, although access to them is practically prohibited (including due to the specifics of St. absence begins to be expressed in very round sums).

But in this regard, it must be remembered that The 19th century is a boom in fakes.

Allegedly ancient Greek manuscripts, letters of monarchs, famous scientists, and many other documents were forged by tens of thousands. You can read more about the scale of written falsifications in this article, but here we will briefly note some striking facts:

1. According to researchers in France, between 1822 and 1835 more than 12,000 manuscripts, letters and other autographs of famous people were sold, in 1836-1840 11,000 were put up for sale at auction, in 1841-1845 - about 15,000, in 1846-1859 - 32000. Some of them were stolen from public and private libraries and collections, but the bulk were forgeries. The increase in demand gave rise to an increase in supply, and the production of forgeries was ahead of the improvement in methods of detecting them at that time.

2. If you jail a normal person ONLY Rewrite the works of the famous mathematician Leonard Euler, it will take 80 years of work every day for 12 hours, seven days a week. But this is mathematics, here it was still necessary to think. We must not forget that Euler was blind for half his life, and gave birth, plus 17 children. The question is - who wrote the "works of Euler"?

3. The renowned scientist Joseph Justus Scaliger compiled a free compilation of ancient Greek authors, passing it off as the work of a certain Astrampsychus. Many recognized it as antique.

4. The most prolific falsifier was recognized as a certain Vren-Luka, the son of a rural teacher, who did not receive a formal education. He began by compiling forged genealogies of noble families. Further more. Letters of Alexander the Great, Cicero, Julius Caesar, Plato, Aristotle, Archimedes, Euclid, the Egyptian queen Cleopatra, the emperors Augustus and Nero, the poets Ovid and Virgil, the philosophers and scientists Seneca, Pliny, Tacitus, Plutarch, Dante, the inventor, the books of Petrarch Machiavelli, Luther, Michelangelo, Shakespeare and so on, right up to Mary Magdalene, Judas Iscariot, King Herod and Pontius Pilate. The letters of French statesmen, writers and scientists were especially widely represented - from Charlemagne to Richelieu, from Joan of Arc to Voltaire and Rousseau. At the same time, even Julius Caesar and Cleopatra expressed themselves in their love letters in modern French.

Luca cared little about the appearance of his forgeries, which he passed off as originals. Once he was removed from the library, where he cut out blank sheets of old folios with scissors. Abelard's letters to Héloise were generally written on paper with the watermark of the Angoulême factory. Luke simply had no time to go into such subtleties - after all, he had forged no less with his own hands - 27,000 (twenty seven thousand!)various documents. He was tried in 1870 and sentenced to 2 years in prison.

(another article on this topic: Written history is a big lie)

Do we have any reason to believe that in tsarist Russia, documents were not much better?

I express my gratitude to all authors, readers and commentators of the site kramola.info

Yaroslav Yargin