Scythian Eurasian Empire

2024 Author: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 15:55

… Until recently, the civilizations of the Middle East were given too much importance. This region has long been distinguished by its high culture. But it is not worth attributing to him all the achievements of mankind.

The information accumulated to date (and it is this region that has undergone the most thorough study) allows us to assert:

In the past, the Middle East knew the strongest "breaks" in cultural continuity and received impulses for building new communities from outside.

About the emergence of the culture of agriculture in the Middle East in the VIII millennium BC. e. already mentioned above. Just now, semi-wild tribes were gathering wild-growing barley, and suddenly cities with a population of several thousand people appear (Chatal-uyuk, Jericho), whose inhabitants cultivate up to 14 types of cereals.

This was called the "Neolithic Revolution"; it is obvious, however, that someone "exported" this revolution to the Middle East (the autochthonous Indo-Europeans, the carriers of the Microlith culture, were the pioneers of developed agriculture.

The Semites and other Neanderthaloid pre-ethnic groups were in fact at that time in a semi-animal state, they were gatherers, “they knew neither the language nor the gods …” - Note. auth.).

No less significant was the gap experienced by Middle Eastern cultures in the 5th millennium BC. e. All the old Neolithic settlements perished in the fires, for almost a thousand years the "darkness of barbarism" thickened over the region.

At the end of the 4th millennium BC. e. new people come here (of a different anthropological type than before) and bring with them the "ready" Bronze Age … The era of the famous civilizations of the Ancient World began, which, in the minds of many, laid the foundations of modern culture. Let's see in the light of modern knowledge how these civilizations were born.

… In the interfluve of the Tigris and Euphrates, the Sumerians are clearly not the first inhabitants. They themselves well remembered that they had come here from "Dilmun Island." There is no way to check what kind of island it was, but in any case it is obvious that the Sumerians were people of the "south" with pronounced Negroid features.

But the people buried in the Sumerian royal burial grounds are of a completely different race, and the races of the "Nordic" type … It seems that the Sumerian aristocracy and the "simple Sumerian people" were related to each other in about the same way as the upper and lower castes in India of the Aryan period.

The same pattern can be traced in the objects of material culture. Images of carts found in the royal tombs of Sumer in the 3rd millennium BC. e., strongly resemble the chariots of the southern Russian steppes.

Moreover, in the steppes, these chariots appeared two millennia earlier. “There is a striking similarity between the royal tombs of Ur and some of the tombs that were discovered in Greece, in the eastern part of the Balkan Peninsula and, finally, in southern Russia. This refers to vaulted and domed tombs. Such construction techniques are typical for Greece and for southern Russia."

Northern racial type of the Sumerian aristocracy, steppe Aryan chariots, southern Russian construction methods. But the most interesting thing is the sleigh. Ordinary sleds, on which the Sumerians, of course, did not ride (due to lack of snow), but sent their kings on their last journey.

At the sight of such a Sumerian "national mode of transport," the question involuntarily arises: "why in southern Mesopotamia, where summer reigns almost always, do we need a sled? Moreover, this is an expensive carriage.

It is trimmed with mosaics along the edges. Gold lion heads with blue manes of lapis lazuli and shells, small gold and silver heads of lions and lionesses were interspersed with golden bull heads”(Tseren, p. 173).

The kings of Ur set off on their last journey on a sleigh - this was their national custom. Formed far north of Mesopotamia. This custom persisted in Russia back in the Middle Ages (Vladimir Monomakh, who wrote his biography in his declining years, used the expression “sitting on a sleigh” in the sense of “preparing for death”).

Excavations of the royal tombs of Ur and other Sumerian cities clearly indicate northern influence, traces of this influence lead to the steppes of southern Russia. And in these steppes, as it became known, already in the middle of the III millennium BC. e. there was a developed plowed and, moreover, irrigation agriculture (at the very times when the Sumerians preferred the hoe).

The lands of the Kuban have long been cultivated with the help of artificial irrigation, and it was easier to take the first steps towards a new technology here than, say, in the same Mesopotamia, with its harsh climate and unpredictable rivers.

"HAVE THE SUUMERS LEARNED THE ART OF CONSTRUCTION OF CANALS AND CONVERSION OF SWELLED LANDS INTO FERTIFIC LAND IN THE ENORMOUS PLAINS THAT RANGE FROM THE BLACK SEA TO THE CASPIAN SEA?" (Tseren, p. 199).

The same question arises in relation to another major civilization of antiquity, based on artificial irrigation. Nile Valley in the 5th millennium BC e. represented literally "empty space". Rare hunters and fishermen roamed the local deep swamps.

But already at the end of this millennium, the rapid development of agriculture began - irrigation at once, since there was absolutely nothing to do in these parts without "high technologies".

After another thousand or a half years, powerful stone construction begins in the Nile Valley - the first pyramids and temples appear. Also without any "preface", without relying on previous traditions …

The first Egyptian monumental buildings are very expressive; later examples of Egyptian art bear little resemblance to them. “The architectural style of the temple [at the tomb of Pharaoh Djoser] - especially considering its ancient age - is completely unusual: imitation of wooden pillars and a vaulted roof from stone.

At the facade of the temple there are fluted columns and pilasters in the form of bundles of reed stalks, reminiscent of the Greek ones. And all this in the third millennium BC!

Some scholars were genuinely surprised: this huge ceremonial hall, this basilica with three naves, the middle of which is higher than the side ones, is just a prototype of the Greek hall and the Christian basilica that arose in the West three thousand years later. Who built these huge state rooms on the Nile nearly five millennia ago?

The inexplicable skill of using giant stone slabs, hitherto unknown on the Nile, is striking. The creators of such structures - even if they were ingenious - needed prototypes to which the subsequent development of this technique would go back: the construction of vaulted roofs, the secrets of cladding with glazed tiles, the cutting of niches, etc. Before Djoser, such prototypes were not found in the land of the Nile Valley … (Tseren, pp. 374–375).

And they could not find it, because this prototype is the so-called post-construction houses, a favorite type of dwelling in the vastness of continental Eurasia from the earliest times (in the 3rd millennium BC, such houses are found in the Yamnaya culture of southern Russia and the cultures closest to it Eastern and Central Europe).

These cold-climate homes have nothing to do with the dwellings of the Middle East. Is it any wonder that temples imitating such a dwelling appear only "at the beginning" of the history of Egypt, and then disappear?..

As in Sumer, northern influence in Egypt was carried out through the highest administrative structures - through the royal dynasty and aristocracy.

There is every reason to believe that the dynasties of the Early Kingdom were founded by settlers who invaded the Nile Valley from the north, most likely from the southern Russian steppes: burials, and other signs confirm the existing opinion that the pharaohs of the first dynasties descended from foreign rulers.

The blonde was, obviously, the wife of Cheops. An image of the king's mother, Hetepheres, was found in her tomb. She has blond hair and light eyes … A funeral procession is depicted on the eastern side of the burial chamber (Tutankhamun). The mummy lies in a sarcophagus on a stretcher with images of lions; the sarcophagus stands in the ark, which the courtiers drag on a sleigh to the tomb. Sleigh in Egypt? I recall that tomb from Ur, which is a thousand years older. And there were sledges, and there were boats, lions and bulls”(Tseren, p. 383, 438).

The civilization of Ancient Egypt received a "push" from the same place as Sumer. Already in historical time, quite a few incursions from the southern Russian steppes through the Caucasus (most often the eastern, along the Caspian coast) into Western Asia are known. This kind of invasion has happened before.

The era of "great invasions" began as soon as a developed equestrian transport appeared in the steppes of southern Russia, and this event should be attributed to the 5th – 4th millennium BC. e.

It should not be assumed that the relations between the civilizations of the southern Russian steppes and the Middle East in ancient times evolved in the same direction. Southerners quickly assimilated the achievements of culture, and above all military equipment, and turned it against their "teachers". So, a number of ancient authors report on the wars that the Egyptian pharaoh Sezostris fought against Scythia. As if these wars were successful, and the pharaoh's army entered the Northern Black Sea region!

Under the name "Sezostris" in ancient literature is hidden not one, but several Egyptian pharaohs Senusret, of whom there were three; their reign belongs to the Middle Kingdom (XXI-XVIII centuries BC), when Egypt reached the pinnacle of power. How real is the trip of the Egyptians to Scythia? Apparently, just like the campaign of the Persian king Darius in 512 BC. e. There is no reason to doubt the fact of the Scythian-Persian war, so it is in vain to consider the campaign of Sezostris mythical.

(Speaking about the formation of agricultural civilizations of the VIII-II millennium BC, one should not divide the Indo-European community, which occupied a vast circum-Pontine zone from the Northern Black Sea region through the Balkans, Asia Minor to Surya-Palestine and Mesopotamia, inclusive, into “north” and “south”, opposing supposedly“different”racial and ethnic peoples.

There were no ethnic groups as such in the early period of this era. In the zone itself, the Indo-European Aryans had no rivals - they competed only with each other. It was a huge community of Indo-European Rus, surrounded by an ethnococon of hybrid carriers of the appropriating mode of economy.

And it is natural that when the filial ethnic groups, including the Sumerians, were singled out, the aristocratic elite, including the agricultural and landowning elite, consisted of the Rus-Aryans. The tragedy of the civilizations of the Middle East is different - in the centuries-old infiltration into these states of a parasitic ethnoelement that carries decay, degradation, slave-owning morality, huckstering, usury, parasitism.

Representatives of the hybrid pre-ethnic groups of Arabia were the carriers of such a morality. The Sumerians themselves called them "March-lu" - "people of death." The Sumerians in their literary monuments wrote that they bring devastation and death … but not by invasions and "fire", but by decomposition: "everything is desolate, the fields are abandoned, there are more traders than workers … the dead are lying on the streets."

The Protosemites from within, without sword and fire, decomposed and destroyed the flourishing civilizations of the Middle East. And here it is extremely important for us not to confuse the great workers, creators and warriors of the Indo-European Ancient World, the creators of civilizations, and the destroyers, carriers of the parasitic appropriating mode of economy. - Note. Yu. D. Petukhova.)

Scythians in Egypt, Mesopotamia and Palestine

Events that took place in Asia Minor and the Eastern Mediterranean of the XIV-XII centuries. BC e., were reflected in local inscriptions, Palestinian religious literature, Greek and, interestingly, in the Russian historical tradition.

According to sources, in the XVII-XVI centuries. BC e. Egypt and Mesopotamia were conquered by certain horsemen who were well-versed in equestrian transport. The sources could not say anything about the origin of these peoples, called "Kassites" in Babylon, "Mitannians" in Assyria and "Hyksos" in Egypt; one thing was obvious - they came to Southwest Asia from the outside.

In those days, only the Aryans who lived in the southern Russian steppes possessed developed horse transport … The very fact of the invasion of Western Asia by the conquering horsemen shows to which people these horsemen belonged. Aryan origin of the conquerors of the 17th – 16th centuries. modern written sources also confirm.

So, in the treaties of the state of Mitanni (founded by "horsemen" in the north-west of Mesopotamia) with the Hittite state of Asia Minor, dating back to the XIV century. BC e., the names of the gods are mentioned: Mitra, Varuna, Indra, Nasatya.

These are the names of the main gods of the Aryans mentioned in the Vedas: Varuna is the father-god, creator and holder of the world, Mitra is the god-son, Indra is the spring hero who conquers the forces of darkness, the name of Nasatya is associated with the cult of "twins", two heavenly brothers-horsemen and charioteers … Among the Kassites who ruled Babylon, the sun god Surios was known - again, a complete coincidence with the Vedas.

Researchers of this problem (for example, T. Barrow) came to the conclusion that the Mitanni language is the same as that of the Indo-Aryans. However, since Western historians really do not want to admit that the ancestral home of the Aryans was in the southern Russian steppes, they have a problem: how to connect the “Indo-Aryans” that appeared in Western Asia in the 17th – 16th centuries. BC e., with real Indo-Aryans who came to India several centuries later?

In fact, there can be only one explanation: both the Indian and the Near East Aryans came to the southern regions from their "historical homeland", that is, from the steppe zone of southern Russia, at different times and moving in different directions: the first - through Central Asia in the XII –XI centuries. BC e., the second through the Caucasus, along the western coast of the Caspian Sea in the XVII-XVI centuries. BC e. Both of these invasions were not so much a resettlement into a new territory, but rather an ordinary conquest, an expansion of Great Scythia, which implanted its administrative elite in the South Asian regions.

The next major invasion of the Middle East took place at the end of the XIII - beginning. XII centuries. BC e., and this time sources directly mention the name of the Scythians. According to Egyptian information, the Nile Valley was attacked by some "Sea Peoples" who arrived from the island of Crete - or through Crete.

Among the "peoples of the sea" some "Shardans" are mentioned. These Shardans founded the city of Sardis (later the capital of Lydia) on the western coast of Asia Minor; some of them ended up in Italy (the island of Sardinia). Messages of this kind are compatible with the story of the Russian chronicles about the ancestors, the brothers Scythian and Zardan, who went to war on the "land of Egypt" …

However, southern sources also linked the invasion of the "Sea Peoples" with Scythia. A number of ancient authors report on the wars of the Egyptian pharaoh Vesoza (a collective name like Sesostris) with the Scythian king Tanai (possibly a fictitious name derived from "Tanais").

According to these reports, the aggression initially did not come from the north, but from the south, the Scythians retaliated. As a result of the wars between the Egyptians and the "Scythian king Tanai", the city of Tanya (Tanais) appeared in the Nile delta.

However, the Egyptian civilization held out this time, attracting other African peoples - the Libyans and Ethiopians - to defend their foundations. The invasion of Palestine by the Sea Peoples was more successful.

Excavations at the Palestinian city of Megiddo reflect the region's complex history at the turn of the Bronze and Iron Ages. In the layers of the XV-XII centuries. BC e. traces of Egyptian influence on Palestine (Canaan), which lasted for about 300 years, are found. But in layer 7, dated XII – XI centuries. BC e., pottery of a type rare for this region was discovered, which belonged to the Philistines - one of the "peoples of the sea" who took Palestine from Egypt (which received its modern name from them).

“Images (of the Philistines) are found on the walls of Egyptian temples; tall, slender people, vividly reminiscent of the ancient Greeks.

Apparently, the Philistines belonged to the nomadic peoples who penetrated from the deep regions of the Balkan Peninsula, Central and Eastern Europe to the Illyrian and Greek shores of the Mediterranean Sea; from there they, through Troas or by sea, and also from Crete, migrated … to Egypt.

Their traces are thus found in the land of Megiddo, in Palestine, in layers dating back to the 12th century BC. e..

In addition to Megiddo, the Philistines also owned the city of BetSan (XI century BC); according to the Bible, on the wall of this city they hung the body of the Israelite king Saul and his sons, who had been defeated in battle.

In the city, archaeologists have found cult utensils with relief images of snakes, clay sarcophagi in the form of a jug with face masks similar to those found in Asia Minor (the same "facial urns" are inherent in the cultures of Central Europe).

Already in the X century. BC e. Beth-Sun is neglected. “In the next layer, directly above the remains of the city of Bet-Sana of the XI century BC. BC, lay the foundations of the Greek city of SKYTHOPOLIS, IN WHICH LIVED, OBVIOUSLY, THE SKYTHIANS FROM SOUTH RUSSIA OR FROM THE BALKAN. The foundations of Scythopolis, as archaeologists carefully recorded, lay on the remains of an ancient city wall, on which the body of the first king of Israel once hung”(Tseren, pp. 284–285).

The name "Scythopolis" clearly indicates who its earliest population was. Everything coincides: the wars of the Scythian king Tanay with Egypt, the founding of a city in Palestine, later called "Scythopolis", reflected in the Russian national historiography of the campaigns of the "Scythian and Zardan brothers" to Egypt …